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https://archive.org/details/juliuscaesartrag00shak_5
JULIUS C^SAR,
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Act A
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Scene lo.
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JULIUS CiESAR,
A TRAGEDY.
BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE.
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COLLATED WITH
LONDON, - ^
PRINTED BY W. BOWYER AND J. NICHOLS:
AND SOLD BY W. OWEN. BETWEEN TH» TEMPLE-GATES,- FLEET-STREET. ^
MDCCLXXIV.
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JULIUS C M S A R,
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A TRAGEDY.
EDITION.S COLLATED:
The * Follows, and Modern Editions.
‘ There appears to have been no Edition of this Play dider than the firil Folia;
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DRAMATIS PERSONS.
yulius CafaTy
OSfdvIus Cafar^ Mark J^ntony^
M, /EmiL Lepidus^
A£l I. Sc. 2, 4. Aa II. Sc* 4. Aft IIU’
Sc. I, 2, 3.
Aft IV. Sc. I. Aft V. Sc. 1, 5.
Aft I. Sc. 2, 4. Aa III. Sc. I, c. Aa IV. Sc. I. Aa V. Sc. 1,4, 5.
Aa III* Sc. 1, 5. Aa IV. Sc. u
Cicero^ ') . r Aa I. Sc. 2, 4, 6*
Publius^ Senators, ^ Aa ii. Sc. 4.
Popilius Lenay j j^Aaill. Sc. 1, 2*
BrutuSy
CaJfiuSy
^ Cafcay Cinnay
^Decius Brutus y MetellusCimber^
P’reboniuSy
Li gar i us y
FlaviuSy 1 ^ Marullusy J
A Sootlifayer,
! Confpirafors j againllC<^r,
1
■"Aa I. Sc. 2, 3, 4, 5. Aa II. Sc. 1, 1, 3, 4. Aa III. Sc. I, 2, 3. Aa IV* Sc. 2, 3. Aa V. Sc. I, 2, 3, 4, 5. Aa 1. Sc. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8. Aa II. Sc, 2. Aa HI. Sc. 1, 2, 3. Aa IV. Sc*
2. 3. Aa V. Sc. 1, 3.
Aa I* Sc. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Aa II. Sc,
2. 4. Aa III. Sc. 1, 2.
Aa I. Sc. 8. Aa II. Sc. 2, 4. Aa iii. Sc. J, 2.
Aa I. Sc. 2, 4. Aa II. Sc, 2, 4, Aa HI. Sc. I, 2.
Aa II. Sc. 2, 4. Aa HI. Sc. I, 2.
Aa II. Sc. 2, 4. Aa HI. Sc. 1, 2.
Aa II. Sc. 3, 4,
T rlbunes,
1 Aa I. Sc. 1, 2.
1 Aa I* Sc. 1, 2.
s Aa I. Sc. 2, 4. Aa II* Sc. 6. Aa iii. t Sc. I, 2,
ArtemidoruSy a Sophifi> Cinnay a Poet, * Another Poet,
Aa II. Sc, 5. Aa III. Sc. I, a, Aa III. Sc. 4.
Aa IV. Sc. 3,
The fo’s and R. fpell this name Cajka* c H. calls With Decimui Brutus \ Plutarch which In
tiatln and in Dacier's French tranflation is render’d Decius Brutus.
d The fo's, R. P* and G. call this name Murdlus j which T. firft alter’d to Ma* eulfusy upon the authority of Plutarch,
A 4 LUCtllUSy
DRAMATIS PERSONS.
LuciliuSy T^itinius^ MeJJala^ Young CatQ^ Volumniusy ‘
Fnends to Brutus and
Lucius^
Varroy
Claudius^
ClituSy I
dDardaniuSy I
a Grecian, j
Servants to Brutus.
r Aa IV. Sc. 2, 3. Aa v. sc. i, 3, 4, 5.
Aa IV. Sc. 2, 3. Aa V. Sc. i, 3. ,
< Aa IV. Sc. 3. Aa V. Sc. i, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Aa V. Sc. 3, 4.
I A'a V. Sc. 3, 5.
f Aa ji. Sc. 1, 3, 6. Aa'iv. sc. 3,
Aa jv. Sc. 3.
I Aa IV. Sc. 3.
Aa V. Sc. 5.
Aa V. Sc. 5.
Aa V. Sc. 3, 5.
Pmdarusy Servpt to Cafius^ Aa iv. Sc. 2. Aa V. Sc. 3.
Servant to Cafary Servant to Antonyy Servant to O^aviuSy A Carpenter,,
A Cobler.
Other Comnioner&, A MefTenger,
Two Soldiers,
Aa II. Sc. 4.
Aa III. Sc. 2, 3.
\
■Aa III. Se. 2.
Aa u Sc. 2*
I
Aa I. Sc. I.
Aai. Sc. I. Aa III. Sc. 3, 4. Aa V. Sc. I.
Aa V. Sc. 4.
Calphurnia, Wife to Cafar, Aa I. Sc. 2, 4. Aa II. Sc. 4.
• Portia, Wife to Brutus, Aa I. Sc. 2, 4. Aa 11. Sc. 3, 6.
Clioft of Julius Casfar, AaiV. Sc. 3,
f J. Fmla^
A SKET.CH
A
s K E T C H
O F
the play.
0'' *)
ACT I.
I* T) O M E. A ftreet. Enter Flav. Mar, a Car- -1- V penter, a Cobler, and certain other Common- ers* Fiav, and Mar, enquire of the Commoners, why they are got together in their bell: apparel, and without the ligns of their trades, which they ought not, unlefs on a holiday. They anfwer^ that they make holiday to fee C^/ar, and to rejoice in his triumph. FJav, and Mar, perfuade them. ^ to difperfe, and go home. Exeunt Commoners. Flav, and' Mar, agree to difrobe the images they fiiall find decked with trophies on CafaFs account. Exeunt.
Sc. II. Enter Cafar^ Ant* for the Courfe, Calph, Por^ Dec, Cic. Bru, Caf, Cafe, a Soothfayer ; after them Mar, and Flav, Caf bids Ant, touch Calph, in the Courfe ; it being an opinion that the barren, fo touched, would become fruitful. The Sooth- fayer
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
faver calls out upon Cisf. to beware the iJes of March. Caf calls him a dreamer, and difregardi his caution. Exeunt.
Sc. ni.' Manent Bru, and Caf, Caf. hints to Bru, the Rowing greatnefs of Caj, and the approaching llaven^ of the Remans, Shout within. Bru, ex- prefles his fear that the people are choofing Caf, for their king.
Sc. IV. Enter Caf, and his train. Caf, tells Ant, he would ^choofe to have fuch men about him who are fat, fleek-headed, and who lleep o’ nights: and hints that Caf, and fuch fort of men, who are lean, and think much, are dangerous. Exeunt Caf, and his train.
Sc. V. ^lanent Bru, Caf and Cafe, i he lail informs the other two, that the crown had thrice been offered Caf which he has often refuted, and tliat this had been the occaiion of the people’s fhouting. Ex- eunt Cafe, and Bru. Caf, intends at night to throw in at Bru's window, papers written in different hands, tending to exprefs the great opinion the Ro- mans have of Bru, Exit.
Sc. VI. Thunder and lightning. Enter from oppofite fides, Clc. and Cafe, with his fword drawn. Talk of the dreadfulnefs of the night, and portentous prodigies that had appeared* That CaJ, is to go to the Ca- pitol on tlie morrow. Exit Cle.
Sc. VII. To Cafe, enter Caf Cafe, informs Caf. that it is reported the Senators intend on the morrow to efta- bliili Caf as a king. Caf, diiclofes to Cafe, a con- fpiracy that he had fonned with others agairdl Caf into which Cafe, readil)' enters.
Sc. VIIL
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
Sc. VIII. To them enter Cin. who tells Caf, that the Con- fpirators are waiting for him at Pompefs porch* Caf, hopes to make Bru, of their party. Exeunt.
ACT ir.
Sc. I. Brutus''s Garden. Enter Bru. who calls and awakens Luc, Enter Luc, whom Bru, orders to light a ta- per in his ftu'dy. Exit Luc, Bru, in a foliloquy refolves that, for the welfare of Rome, Caf, muft die. Enter Luc, who gives Bru, a letter he had found in the ftudy. Exit Luc, Bru, reads the let- ter, which is written to llir up Bru, againft Caf Enter Luc, who brings word that Caf and others muffled up are at the door. Bru. orders them to be admitted. Exit Luc,
Sc. II. To Bru, enter Caf Cafe, Dec, Cln. Met, and Treb. They determine to affafflnate Caf A propofal it made to cut off M, Ant, alfo, which is over-ruled by Caf It is propofed to engage C, Lig, in the confpiracy, for which purpofe Met, is delired to call on him, and fend him to Bru, Exeunt all but Bru,
Sc. III. To Bru, enter For, who, from the unwonted gloom- inefs and irregularity of Bru:s behaviour, fufpeas fome hidden grief to lie upon his mind ; and con- jures him to impart it to her; adding, that although file is a woman, yet being the daughter of Cato and wife of Bru, ffle is able to keep a fecret; and that, to prove her patience and conllancy, ffle had
given
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
f^iven berfelf a wound in tfie thigh. Knocking within. Bru, bids For, retire, and promifes to v.n+old to her all the fecrets of his heart. Exit For, Enter Luc, bringing in Lig, who is lick. Exit Luc, Lig, declares that (though fick) if Bru, have any honourable exploit in hand, he is ready to engage in it. Bru, tells him, he will open the bufinefs to him, as they walk. Exeunt.
IV. Cafar\ palace. Thunder and lightning. Enter 7. Cccf, in his night-gown. Cal's dillurbed lleep. Enter a Servant, whom Caf, fends to the priefts to bid them do facrihcc. Enter Cal, who, from the prodigies that had appeared, endeavours to dilTuade Ci^f, from going to the capitol. Enter Servant, who brings word that the augurs, plucking forth the entrails of an offering, found no heart in the beall, and advife Caf, not to go to the capitol. Caf notwithftanding theie prodigies, from the principle of courage, maintains his determination of going ; till, farther conjured by Cal, he at length confents that M, Ant, (hall make his excuic to the Senate for not attending them. Enter Dec, whom Caf informs of his having been perfuaded bv Cal, on account of a frightful dream flie had, not to go to the capitol. But Dec, by giving a fortunate interpretation of the dream, and inform- Ing Caf that the Senate have concluded to prefent him with a crown, induces him to go. Enter Bru, Lig, and Cafe, Treb, Cin, and Pub, and foon after Jut, as to attend him to the capitol. Caf invites them to drink Ibme wine with him before they go. Exeunt.
Sc. V.
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
Sc. V. The ftreet. Enter ArUmid, reading a paper of his own writing, wherein he bids Caf, beware of the confpirators, and inferts their names. This paper he intends to give Caf. as he pafTes to the capitol. Exit.
Sc. VI. Enter For, and Luc, and a while after a Soothfayer, who intends to caution Caf, as he paffes to the ca- 'pitol. This fcene exhibits the terror of For, on account of the approaching attempt, and her anxie- ty for the fuccefs of it.
ACT III.
Sc. I. The flreet near the capitol. Flour! fii. Enter
Bru, Caf. Cafe, Dec, Met, Tfreh, Cin, Ant, Lep» Art. Fop, and Soothfayer. C^sf tells the Sooth- fayer that the ides of March are come ; to which the Soothfayer anfwers. Ay, but not gone. Art. and Dec, offer papers to Ctef. to read; Art. bids Caf, not to delay reading his, as it nearly concerns himfelf ( Caf, ) Caf, anfw^ers that what regards himfelf fhall be laft confidered. Caf, afks why they urge their petitions in the flreet, and bids them come to the Capitol. Exeunt.
Sc. n. The capitol. The fenate fitting. Enter Caf, and the reft, as in the foregoing Scene. After Caf has taken his feat. Met, goes towards him, and be-* ing followed by the confpirators (who range them- , felves about Caf) he petitions for the repealing
his b'^niftied brother Fub^ Cimber^ and is backed by
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
A
Caf. Cm, and Z)^f. But Caf, perfifting to reject the petition, the Conlpirators ftab Caf, and cry out, Liberty I he. Exeunt all but Confpirators.
• They befmear their arms and fwords in Caf,^s blood. Enter a fervant from Ant, to know if his
^ inafter may with fafety fpeak with the confpira-
tors; and being anfwered in the aftirmafive, exit Servant to fetch his mafter. Enter Ant, who ap- parently enters into league with the Confpirators, and gets permiflion of them to make an oration in praife of Caf, over his dead body in the market- place. Exeunt all but Ant, .Enter QStamus^s fer- vant, with advice that his mailer is on the way to Ro7ne, Exeunt, with the body of Caf,
Sc. III. The Forum. Enter Bru, Caf, and the Plebeians, The Plebeians are clamorous for fatisfa£lion about the murder of Caf Bru, promifes to give them good reafons for the deed, provided they will give him audience ; and bids Caf go into the other Ilreet, and harangue, that fo the numbers may be parted. Exit Caf, with fome of the Plebeians. Bru, goes ' into the pulpit, and tells them that Caf was cut off for his ambition, and that the liberties of the people might be preferved. The Plebeians applaud ’ Bru, and are for carrying him home in triumph to
his hqufe ; but he perfuades them to Hay and hea.r " • the funeral oration on Caf to be fpoken by Ani,
who enters with the body. Exit Brii, Ant, by his
artful fpeech ftirs the Plebeians to love and pity for
Caf and hatred and rage againll the Confpirators, ‘ . Exeunt Plebeians, to burn CaJ,*s body, and with a
refolution to fet lire to the houfes of the Confpira^
• •• tors.
SKFTCH OF THE PLAY.
tors. Enter a Servant, who brings Ant. word that Oa. is already come to Rome ; and that Bru. and Caf. were feen to ride like madmen through the ; gates. Exeunt.
Sc. IV, A flreet. Enter Cin. the poet, and after him the Plebeians, who enquire his name, place of abode, &c. He tells them his name is Cinna^ but that he is not Cinna the confpirator, but Cinna the poet. Neverthelefs, as hk name is Clnnuy they determine to tear him to pieces. Exeunt.
act IV.
Sc. I. Enter Jnt. Oa. and Lep. They agree to profcribe , and cut off certain enemies to their caufe. Jnt. propofes to reduce feme legacies in Caf.’s will, and fends Lep. to Caf.' s houfe for the will. Exit Lep.
flight opinion of Zr/r. As,Zr«. and Ca/ are levying powers, Jnt. is for making immediate pre- parations againft them. Exeunt.
Sc. II. In the camp near Sard'ts; before Bru.'s tent. Enter Bru. Luctl. Tit. Pin. and Soldiers. Pin. comes to prefent falutations to Bru. from Caf. who is at hand. March., Enter C^ry: He'and 5r«.^begin to altercate ; but objefting to their falling out in the prefence of the foldiers, they withdraw to the infide of the tent. Exeunt.
Sc. III. Within the tent. Enter Bru. and Ca/. Their al- tercation and reconciliation. Hearing the high words between them, enter a poet,, who reprehends them; but is turn’d out. Enter Lucil. and Tit.
.SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
who receive orders to fetch Mef. Bru. acquaints ; Caf, that Portia is dead, by fwallowing fire. Enter
Luc, with wine and tapers. Bru, in token of re- conciliation, drinks to Caf, and is pledged by him. Enter Lit, and Mef, Letters are arrived, which advife that a great number of the fenators are put to death, Cicero being one ; and that 0<f7. and Ant, are coming with a mighty power and great expe- dition towards Philippi, It is agreed that Bru,^s army meet them there. Exit Luc, to fetch Bru.^s ' gown. Exeunt Caf, Tit, and Mef, bidding Bru,
Good night. Enter Luc, with the gown. Bru, orders him to call Clau, and fome other ‘of his men, to fleep in the tent upon cufliions. Enter Var, and Clau, who retire to deep. Luc, playing on an inflrument of mufic, falls afleep.' Bru, reads. Enter the Gholl of Caf, who tells Bru, that he Hiall fee him again at Philippi, Ghoft vanifhes. Bru, wakes Luc, Var, and Clau, and fends the two lail; to Caf, to bid him march forwards with his troops. Exeunt,
. \
A C T V,
Sc, It The plains of Philippi, Enter OSI, Ant, and their army. To them enter a MelTenger with advice ^ tliat Bru,\ army is approaching. Enter Bru, Caf,
and their army, Luc, Tit, Mef, and others attend- ing. Parley between the two parties. Exeunt Ant, and their army, as for the engagement, Farewel between Bru, and Caf at their parting to , command the;r feveral troops. Exeunt.
i
Sc. ir.
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
Sci II; The field of battle. Alarums of a battle join’d. Enter Bru, and Mef, Bru, perceiving advantage to lie againil wing, fends Mefi with orders
for a fudden attack. Exeunt.
Sc. III. Another part of the field; Alarums; Entet Caf, and Tit, Caf} s trdops are worfted, and fly. Tit, is of opinion that Bru, too eagerly took the advan- tage troops had given, and gave the word too
foon. Enter Pin, who brings word that Ant's troops have broke into Caf's tents, and begs him to fly. Caf, fends Tttk to fee whether -certain troops at a difiance are friends or enemies, Eicit Tit, Caf bids Pim go to the top 'of a hill, and bbferve what paffes in the field. Pin, afcends the hill) and from thence tells Caf, that he perceives Tit, enclofed with horfemen, and that he is taken by them. Enter Pin, whom Caf in a fit of de- fpair, commands to kill him; Pin, obeys. Caf dies. Exit Pin, Enter Tit, ahd Mef It appears that Ocl, is l^eateh by Bruk as Caf is by Ant. Seeking Caf to communicate thefc tidings to him, they find him dead ; and judge that) miftaking the horfemen Tit, was furrounded with (and who were friends), for enemies who had taken T/V. he had put an end to his life.. Tit, after having creWned the dead Caf with a wreath of vi£lory which Bru, had feiit to him, kills himfelf; Enter Bru, Mef young Cato, Strato, Vol, and Lucil: They find tlie dead bodieS) and lament over them ; but determine to try their fortune in a fecond engagement.
Se. IV. Another part of the field* Alarum. Enter, fight- ing, foldiers of both armies ; tlien Bru, Mef Cato,
^ and
I
SKETCH OF THE PLAY.
and LuciL Cato charges the retiring enemy in on^ part, Bru, in another : the party charged by Cato rallies, and Cato falls. LuciL is taken prilbner. Fnter Ant, who gives orders that Lucil, be kept I'afe ; and that fearch be made for Bvu,
Sc, V. Another part of the field. Enter Bru^ Dar. Clu Stra, and Vcl. Brtu tintling himfelf conquered, determines to put an end to hrs lite, and tor that purpofe begs the afhidance of 67/, Dar, znd Fc I, who deny his requell. Alarums. A cry within, “ Fly, fly, fly,"^ Bru, takes leave of his friends, who exeunt as flying, Bru, bids St?'a. hold his fword while he runs on it. Stra. obeys, Bru, die^. Alarums. Retreat. Enter 0/^„ Ant, and their ar- ' my, Lucil, and Mef, They find the body of Bru.
and Stra, acquaints tljem how he died. Ant, praiies Bru, as the worthrefi of all the confpirators ; who, xvhile the reft confpired againft C^ef, for envy, had ‘ merely an intention for the general good. OSf.
• orders that his body be treated with all refpe£l and
' rites of burial, and be, tor the night, laid in liii
* ) teat. Exeunt oinoes,
/ •'
JULIUS
I
J
'i
JULIUS CM S A R
ACT h
SCENE I*.
* Rome, ^ A Streets
*“ Enler Flavius, Marullus, ^ a Cnrptnter^ ^ d Cohler^ hnd certain other Commoner
FlaviuSi
HENCE; home, you idle creatures, get you home: i Is this a holy- day ? What, know you not,
Being mechanical, you ought not walk.
Upon a labouring day, without the lign
Of your profeffion ? — Speak, what trade are thou ?
Carp. Why Sir, a carpenter.
Mar, Where is thy leather apron, and thy rule }
\Vhat doft thou with thy bell apparel on ?— ^ . ’
Yoii, hr, what trade are' you ?
* Rome fiift inferted by R, d Thefe two charaCteh not partlcu-
^ firett firlLadded by T. larly mentioned, in the entrance^ by
c C direfts, Enter a rabble of^citlatent^ the editions before, i^lavius and Mgrellus, driving them.
B a Cok
20
JULIUS CiESAR, -
Cob.’ Truly, fir, in refpe£I of a fine workman, I am but as you would fay, a cobler.
Mar. But what trade art thou ? Anfwer me direflly.
Cob. A trade, fir, that I hope I may ufe with a'fafe con« fcience; which is indeed, fir, a mender of bad ^ foals.
Mar. What trade, thou knave ? thou naughty knave, what trade ?
Cob. Nay, I befeech you, fir, be not out with me ; yet if you be out, fir, I can mend you.
s Mar. What mean’ll thou by that? Mend me, thou fawcy fellow ?
Cob. Why, fir, cobble you.
Flav. Thou art a cobler, art thou ?
Cob. Truly, fir, all that I live by is ** with the aiul : I meddle with no ‘ tradefman’s matters, nor ^ women’s ^ mat- ters, but with awl. I am indeed, fir, a furgeon to old flioes; when they are in great danger, I ^ re-cover^ them. As ptoper men as ever trod upon neats-leather have gone upon my handy-w^ork. - ''
F/av. But wherefore art not in thy fliop to day >
Why doll thou lead thele men about the ftreets ?
« FIrfl: and 2d fo’s, foules j Jcufs. f All but C. give this fpeech to Fla- vius.
g T. H. and IF. give this fpeech to Fluviusi
h All but fo’s omit i For tradejman i li. reads man i j W. tiadejmini.
k So the firii r, and Cj the reft-, ^iv*- man's.
i All the editions before C. read and ftop thus, matters ; but ivitbalf ( ivitb- all or nvitb-alj ) J cm, &c. C. thus, matters j but •with all. I am^ &c.
m The fo’i, R. T. and J. reaver for ^
i
Cob,
0
re-erver.
ACT I,- SCENE I.
21
Ciih, Truly, fir, to wear out their fhocs, to get rnyfclf into more work.
Bat indeed, fir, we make holy-day to fee Cafary and to re- joice in his-triumph.
Mar, Wherefore rejoice ? What conquefl: brings he home ? What tributaries follow him to Rome,
To grace in captive bonds kis chariot wheels ?
You blocks, you ftones, you worfe than fenielefi things !
O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome^
Knew you not Pompey ? Many a time and oft Have you climb’d up to walls and battlements.
To towers and windows, yea to chimney tops.
Your infants in your arms, and there have fat The live-long day, with patient expectation.
To fee great Pompey pafs the ftreets of Rome :
And when you faw his chariot but appear.
Have you not made an univerfal fliout, ^
That Tyber trembled underneath " his banks,
To hear the replication of your founds Made in " his concave fhores }
And do you now put on your belt attire ?
And do you now cull out ° a holy- day ?- ^
■"And do you now drew flowers in his way, ^
TThat comes p in triumph over Pompey s blood ?
Be gone —
Run to your houfes, fall upon your knees.
Pray to the gods to intermit the plague
That needs mud light on this ingratitude, ' * ‘
r The fo's, her for bis. for a,
• So the three .firft fo’s ^nd C5 the p After coma H, inferts to Rome-
B 3
Fiav,
JULIUS CitSAR,
Flav^ Go, go, good countrymen, and for this fault, AlTemble all the poor men of your fort ;
Draw them to ^ Tyher ® banks, and weep your tears :
Into the channel, till the lowefl ftream,
Do kifs the moft exalted fhores of all, Exeunt Commoners* See " whe’r their bafeft *’ metal be not mov’d ;
They vanifli tcngue?ty’d in their guiltinefs.
Go you down that way toiwards the capitol ;
This way will 1 : difrobe the images,
If you do find them deck’d with * ceremonies.
Mar, May we do fo ?
You know it is the feafi; of Lupercal,
Flav, ^ It is no matter, let ^ no images- Be hung with Ccefar'^s trophies. I’ll about,
And drive away the vulgar from the ftreets :
So do you too, where you perceive them thick.
Thefe growing feathers pluckt from Cafar'^s wing.
Will make him. fly an ordinary pitch.
Who ehe would foar above the view of men.
And keep us all in fcrvile fcarfulnefs, \_Exeunt ^ fever ally\
S T.’j duodecimo, W.ysii J, that for this. r
r T.’j duodecimo, H. and J. Tyber's.
‘ So the fo’s and C j the reft, bank. t The fo’s, [FxeuKt all the common- ers.
• The fo’s, J?. and j T.W.
and y. luhe re j but %ube'rj as H. and C. read, is the moft proper abbreviation of xvheihtrf th« word her"
w All but y. and C- mettle.
^ Ceremonies^ for religious ornaments. Thus afterwards he explains them by Cafars trophies ; i. e. fuijfti as he hadde- diciited to the gods. ^1V, y 'Tis for It is. z Second f. on for no, a Two laft fo’s, fofe,
Je'uerally fir ft added by T. but omltr ted again by C,
gCEXE
ACT L 'SCENE II
23
? S C E N E n.
Winter Caefar, . Antony for the Courfe, Calphurnia, Portia, Decius, Cicero, Brutus, Caflius,- Cafca, a Soothfuyer i ‘after them Marullus and Flavius.
I
Ccrf Calphurnia.
Cafe. Peace Bo ! Cesfar fpeaFs ^
Cief. Calphurnia. , . >
Calp. Here, my lord.
Caf. Stand you dire 611 y in ^ Antonio s way.
When he doth Tim his courfe. — ^ Antonio^
^ I
Ant. Cisfar^ mj lord.
C(£f. Forget not in your ^eed, Antonio^
To touch Calphurnia for our elders fay,
T'he barren, touched' in this holy phafe, - •Shake off their fteril ^ curfe.
Ant. I 111 all remember.
When C'rfar fays. Do this, it is perform’d.
Ctrf. Set on, and leave no ceremony out
c‘C deferibes the feene, Afuhltc place ; and directs, .£ntery in Jolemn proceJpio7iy nvith mupCy &c, Catfar, Antony, De- cius, Cicero, Brutu', CalTius, Cafca, &c. a great cro’wd folloiuing j Sootkjuyer in tbt ercivu.
' d None after P. dlreft Marullm and J^tavius to enter.
e Here 6\ dire [Mufe ce^fiS.
f P. alters Antonio' i to Antoniut'y «hd Antonio to Antonias j and is followed by all but C. But why might not Shaker Jpeare make'ufe of the Italian as well as the Latin name ?
g So the fo’s, !r. H'‘. J, and Cj the re-fl, Courfe for curfe.
h Here C. directs \ and
proceffion moRjes.
C4
Sooth,
44 Julius' c^s a-r,.
Sooth, Cczfar,
C^f, Ha ! Who calls ?
Cafe, Bid every noife be ftill ; — Peace yet again b,
Ca;f, Who is it in the prefs that calls on me ?
I hear a tongue, flirlller than all the mufic,
Cry, Cafar : Speak, Cafar is turn’d to hear^
Sooth, Beware the ides of March,
Caf, What man is that ?
Bru, A foothfayer bids you beware the ides of Afarch, Ccef, Set him before me, let me fee his face.
^ Caf, Fellow, come from the throng, look upon Cafar, Cesf, What fay’fl: thou to me now ? Speak once again. Sooth, Beware the ides of March,
Ccef, He is a dreamer, let us leave him : Pafs.
Sennet, Exeunt^
. SCENE III.
\ '
, Alanent Brutus and Caffiys. '•
Caf, Will you go fee the order of the courfe ?
Bru, Not I. '
I
Caf, I pray you do.
Bru, I am not gamefome ; I do lack fame part Of that quick fpirit that is in Antony :
« Here C. direfts [liduJJc ceajes. the reft omit Sennef. J. fays here,
^ this fpeech to Cajea, Sennet appears to be a particular tune of
* So the three firft fo’s and y ; the mode of martial mufic.
4th f. Senate j C. Miijick, foj Sennet ^ ^
^ Let •
t
ACT-L SCENE III.
Let me not hinder, CaJJiuSy your defircs ;
I ’ll leave you.
Caf, Brutus, I do obferve you now of late ;
I have not from your eyes that gentlenefs And lliew of love, as I was wont to have ;
You bear too ftubborn and-too ftrange a hand Over your friend that loves you.
Bru. CaJftuSy
Be not deceiv’d : If I have veil’d my look,
I turn the trouble of my countenance Meerly upon myfelf. Vexed I am Of late with palHons of fome difference.
Conceptions only proper -to myfelf,
Which give fome foil perhaps to my ? behaviours :
But let not therefore my good friends be griev’d^
(Among which number, Cajftus, be you one)
Nor conflrue any further my negleft.
Than tiiat poor Brutus, with himfelf at war.
Forgets the fhews of love to other men.
Caf. Then, Brutus, I have much miftook your pafHon, By means whereof this breaft of mine hath buried Thoughts of great value, worthy cogitations. ' . ,,
Tell me, good Brutus, can you fee your face?
Bru. No, Cafftus ; for the eye fees not ° itfelf.
But by reflexion, p by fome other things. '
m So the jft f. r. H, W. J, and C j the ad and 3d f. friejidi that loves you ^ the 4th f. R. and P., friends that love
youp
n So the fo’s, J, and (7i the reft, he-
bavlrur,
® The three lafe fo's, bhtfelf for it-
p So the fo's, R. and C 3 the reil read f m for
Oaf.
' .:J U'L I .US CiESA'H;
Caf» ’Tis juft ! . ,
And it is very mucli lamented, Brutus,
That you have no fuch mirrors, as will turn Your hidden worthinels into your eye,
That you might fee your ftiadow. I have heard Where many of the beft refpcdl in Rome,
Except immortal C^far, li>eaking of Brutus,
And groaning underneath this age’s yoak.
Have wifla’d that noble Brutus had his eyes.
Bru, Into what dangers would you lead me, Cajfius f That you would have me feek’into myfelf For that which is not in me.?
Caf. Therefore, good Brutus, be prepar’d to hear : And ftnee you' know you cannot fee yourfelf So well as by refleiftion, I, your glafs.
Will modeftly dlfcover to yourfelf
T'hat of yourfelf which yet you know not of.
And be not jealous ^ on me, gentle Brmus ;
Were 1 a common ® laugher, or did ufe To ftale with- ordinary oaths my love To every new protefter ; if you know That I do fawn on men, and hug them hard.
The t\yo fir/t fo’s, ysu yet {or yet
yste.
J" So the fo’s ; the reft, rf (or on. s The fo’s and R.'s octavo read laugb- ter, whkh Mr. Sc<zvard, in his notes on Biaimtnt and Fletcher, (Note lo of the Faithful Shepberdejs) thinks a ftronger ■U'ord to exprefs a low buffoon than laugher* “ But (fays Heatb in loc.J he
f' ^
feems to have mifunJerftood the drift of the poet; a low bufibon, who is com- monly laughed at, is not the idea he in- tended, but one who, without regard to friend/hip or any other confideration, abufes the indulgent confidence of his friends, in order to expofe them to the laughter of the firft company he comes into,”
And
I
A C T I.
SCENE III.
17
And after fcandal them ; or if you know,
That I profefs } myielf in banqueting
To all the rout, then hold me dangerous, [“ Shout within.
Bru. What means this ihouting ? I do fear the people Chufe Cirfar for their king.
Caf, Ay, do you fear it ?
Then muft I think you would not have it fo.
Bru, I would not, Cajfius ; yet I love him well.
But wherefore do you holcl me here fo long ?
What is it that you would impart to me ?
If it be aught toward the general good, ‘ *
Set honour in one eye, and death i’ th’ other, ^
And I will look on ^ both indifferently :
For let the gods fo fpeed me, as I love The name of honour, more than I fear death.
Caf> I know that virtue to be in you, Brutus^
As well as I do know your outward favour.
Well, honour k the fubjeft of my flory,
I cannot tell, what you and other men Think of this life ; but for my fingle felf,
I had as lief not be, as live to be In aw’e of fuch a thing as I myfelf.
I W’as born free as C^far^ fo were you ;
We both have fed as w^ell ; and we can both . ‘ ' .
Fndure the winter’s cold as well as he, ^
t The three laft fo’s omit myfelf, W. in loc. Uptons Critical Obfem-; « All but C» dirt£t [Flourfh and tions, zd edit. p. 3145 and HeatbU Jhcfit, '■ Revifal in loc,
w T. H, IK and f. read death for ^ The three laft fo’s omit fcr» ’’ hetb. This k Wf s. ei^en^ticu^. See
for
/
V J u L I U S C ^ S A R.
-For once, upon a raw and day,
The troubled Tyber f chafing with * his fhorcs, Cafar * faid to me, Dar’ft thou, CaJJius, now Leap in with me into this angry flood,
And fwim to yonder point ? Upon the word,
^ Accoutred as I was, I plunged in,
And bad him follow:' fo indeed he did.
The torrent roar’d ; and we did buffet it With lufty flnews, throwing it afide,
And flemming it with hearts of controvcrfy :
* But ere we could arrive the point propos’d,
Cisfar cry’d, Help me, CaJJius^ or I fink.
I, as JEneas^ our great anceflor,
Did from the flames of Troy upon his fhoulder The old Anchifes bear, fo, from the waves of Tyhcr^ Did I the tired Ccsfar : And this man Is now become a god ; and Cajjim is A wretched creature, and.muft bend his body, \iCiefar carelefsiy but nod on him.
He had a ^ fever when he was in Spain^
And when the fit was on him, I did mark How he did fliake ; ’tis true this god did fliake>
His coward lips did from their colour fly ;
And that fame eye, whofe bend doth avve the worlds
C p.’s duodecimo, T. and J. hid for had.
^ j duodecimo, he for <we.
^ « R:s oaavo reads, But e'er %ve couU we arrive, ScC, '
i Second f, feaher.
Did
7 The 2d and 3d fo’s, chajtng,
2 The fo’s read her for bts,
V* Ax* fof
Jaid.
^ The three laft fo’s, 'Aceeunted for Accoutred,
' ACT I. SCENE III. ' 29
\
Did f lofe *' his luftre ; I did hear him groan :
Ay, and that tongiic of his, that bad tlie Romans Mark him, and ^ write his fpeeches in their books,
Alas ! it cry’d. Give me fome drink, TitiniuSy As a Tick girl. Ye gods it doth amaze me,
A man of fuch a feeble temper fhould '
3o get the ftart of the majeftic world.
And bear the palm alone. ShouU
Bru, Another general fhout !
I do believe, that thefe applaufes are
For fome new honours that are heap’d on Cafar,
Caf. Why, man, he doth beftride the narrow worlcj Like a Colojfus ; and we petty men Walk under his huge legs, and peep about To find ourfelves diflionourable graves.
Men at * fome time are mailers of their fates :
The fault, dear Brutus^ is not in our Hars,
But in ourfelves, that we are underlings.
Brutus y and Cafar : — What fhould be in that Cafarf W'hy fhould that name be founded more than yours ^
Write them together, yours is as fair a name;
Sound them, it doth become the mouth as well ;
Weigh them, it is as heavy; conjure Vfltli ^ ’em \
g The three firft fo’s, loofc. h S4> all before P j he and all after, for bis,
i The two laft fo’tf; writ for wriit,
^ All editioni but C, to Sient adi Fleurijb,
I So the fo’* tod C i the r§(t, fim . times,
C. them for 'em,
“ '^hc two laft fo’s aW.aww after.
\
Brutus
Shvuti
\
3S> .JULIUS C ^ S A R;
Brutus will ftart a fpirit as foon as C^/ar. —
Now in the names of all tlie gods at once,
Upon what meat doth this our Cc^far feed.
That he is grown fo great ? Age, thou art fliam’d ;
Rome, thou half l,ofl the breed of noble bloods.
When went there by an age, fince the great flood.
But it was fam’d with more than with one man ?
When could they fay, till now, that talk’d of Rome,
That her wide p walls incompall hut one man >
^ Now is it Rome indeed, and roo77i enou2:li .
When there is in it but one only man.
0 ! you and I have heard our fathers fay.
There was a Brutus once, that would have brook’d Th’ ^ eternal devil to keep his Hate in Rome,
As eaiily as a king.
Bru^ That you do love me, I am nothing jealous What ® you would work me to, I have fome aim ;
How I have thought of this, and of thefe times,
1 fliali recount hereafter; for this prefent,
I would not, fo with love I might intreat you,
Be any further mov’d, W^hat you have faid
9 It is faid in the fifth fcene that the S P. and H. omit the two following people Ihouted thrice ; but we have no lines in their text, but prefcrve them ia direaion in any edition for any more the margin.
than two ihouts: Tjiis feems the moft r J, thinks that our author wrote proper place for the third /hout, which rather, inferval de-vil.
I look upon to be the occafion of the s R.'s odVavo, would you for you fudden apoftrophe. Now In the names af Would.
•U the gods, &c. t The fo’s, R. and P. point as fol-
P The fo s, walks for walls, • • lows, I would not fo (with love I migbe
htreatyou) kct , L
1 will
AGT I.
SCENE IV.
3^
I will conlicler ; what you have to fay,
I will with patience hear ; and find a time “ Both meet to hear, and anlwer luck high things.
Till then, my noble friend, chew upon this ;
Brutus had rather be a villager,
Than to repute himfelf a fon of Rome,
Under fuch hard conditions, as this time *
Is like to lay upon us.
Caf, Uam glad that my weak words Have flruck but thus much Ihevv of hre from Brutus, ' ‘
' S , C E N E IV.
Enter Cxfar and his T^rain,
Bru. The games are done, and Cafar is returning,
Caf. As they pafs by, pluck Cafca by the fleeve.
And he will, after his four fafhion, tell you What hath proceeded worthy note to-day.
Bru, I will do fo. — But look you, CaJfiuSy The angry fpot doth * glow on Ceefar^s brow.
And all the reft look like a chidden train :
Calphurnia^ s cheek is pale ; and Cicero
Looks with fuch ferret and fuch fiery eyes, , ,
As we have feen him in the capitol , .
Being croft in conference ^ by fome fenators,
I . .
» R. B'(t for Both. The three laft fo’s and .R.’r oftar^
The fo’s, theje iov futh, thw for glow .
y R. P. an4 H. read with for hp ,
Caf,
3^
JULIUS SAR.
Caf Cafca will tell us what the matter is.
CceJ, * Antonio. ^
Ant, Cajar. ,
Caf. Let me have men about me that are fat,
Meek-headecI men, and fuch as ficep o’ nights ;
^ Yond CaJJius has a lean and hungry look,
He thinks too much ; fuch men are dangerous.
Ant. Fear him not, C^far, he ’s not dangerous ;
He is a noble Romany and well given.
Would he were fatter ! but I fear ^ him not;
Yet if my name were liable to fear,
I do not know the man I lliould avoid.
So Ibon as that fpare Cajpus. He reads much;
He is a great obferver, and he looks
Quite through the deeds of men. He loves no play.-
As thou doft, Antony ; he hears no mulic ;
Seldom he frniles; and fmiles in fuch a fort.
As if he mock’d himfelf, and fcorn’d his fpirit T hat could be mov’d to fmile at any thing.
Such men as he be never at heart’s eafe,
^ Whiles they behold a greater than themfelves ; ‘ - -
And therefore are they very dangerous.
I rather tell thee what is to be fear’d.
Than what I fear ; for always I am Ccefar.
Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf.
And tell me truly, what thou think’ft of him.
Exeunt Cajfar and his "Train.
* P. T. H, JV. and A^ttomui for
,^ntomo,
a This diredion firft put in by J.
C. Tun.
c The lafl- f. m for hm. d So the fo’s and C; the reft, Wkrlfi. e The fo’s. Sennit. Exeunt j icc.
SCENE
A G T I. ■ S C.E N E V.
33
S C E N E . V. '
Manent Brutus, Caflius, and Cafca*
Cafe. You pull’d me by the cloak j would you fpeak with me ?
Bru, Ay, Cafea; tell us what hath chanc’d to-day.
That Cafar looks fo fad.
Cafe. Why, y6u were with him, were you not ?
Bru, I fhould iiot then aik Cafea what had chanc’d.
Cafe, Why, there was a crown offer’d hiiri; and beliig offer’d him, he put it*by with tlie back of his hand, thus; and then the people fell a fhouting.
Bru* What was the'fecond holfe for ?
Cafe, Why, for that too.
Caf They fliouted thrice ; wdiat was the laii cry for ?
Cafe, Why, for that too.
Bru, Vs/ as the crown offer’d him thrice ?
^ Cafi. Ay, marry, was ’t, and lie put it by thrice, every time gentler than other ; and at every putting by, mlnehonelt neighbours fhouted.
Caf, Who offer’d him the crown ?
Cafe, Why, Afiiony,
Bra. Tell us tlie mfonfer of it, glentle Cafcai
Cafe. I can as well be hang’d, as tell the manner of it} It ' was meet foolery, I did not mark it* I faw Mark
^ Ths three lail fo'sj for vati
Q
24,- J.U L I U S C ^ S A R. •
Antony offer him a crown ; yet ’twas not a crown neither, ’twas one of thefe coronets ; and, as I told you, he put it by once ; but for alf that, to my diinking, he would fain have had it. Then he offer’d it to him again ; then he put it by again; but, to my thinking, he was very loth to lay his fingers off it. And then he offer’d it the third time ; he put it the third time by ; and ftlll, as he refus’d it, the rabblement ® hooted, and. clapp’d their chopt hands, and threw up their fweaty night-caps, and utter’d fuch a deal of ftinking breath, becaufc C<efar refus’d the crown, that it had almoft choaked Ccefar ; for he ^ fwooned, and fell down at it; and for^ mine own part, Ldurft not laugh, for fear of •pening my lips, and receiving the bad air.
Caf,. But foft I pray you; what, did Cafar * fwoon?
Cafe* He^ fell down in the market-place, and .foam’d at„ mouth, and was fpeechlefs. . .
Bru. ’Tis very like, he hath the.^falling-fickners.
Caf No, Cafar hath it not, but you and I,
And, honeft Cafea ; wc have the falling-ficknels.
Cafe, I know not what you mean by that; but I am furc Cafar fell down. If the tag-rag people did- not olap him, and hifs him, according as he pleas’d and difpleas’d them, as they ^ ufe to do the players in the .theatre, I am no true* man.
Bru, What faid he, when he came -unto himCblf ?
Cafe, Marry, before he fell down, vvhen he perceiv’d the common herd was- glatd ,he refus’d the.crown, he pluckt m4
? The three firft fo's, iowfed^ the fo'irth f. R. P. r. and PT, touted ; U,
fi>!.uted.
The fo’s, fnvoonded, i The fo’s, fwounJ,
^ rT./K aad y, ujed.
act i. SCENE V. 35
t)pe his doubietj and offer’d thehi his throat to cut; ^ an I had been a man of any occupation, ’if I woutd not have taken him at® a word, I would I might go to hell among the fogucs; and fo he fell. When he Came to hinifelf again, he faid, If he had done or faid any thing amifs, he defir’d their worfhips to think it was his infirmity. Three or four wenches, where I flood, cry’d, Alas, good foul! and for- gave him wdth all their hearts : But there ’s no heed to be taken of them ; if Ccefar had " flabb’d their mothers, they Would have doile no lefs.
Bru. And after that, he came thus fad aw^y ?
Cafe. Ay.
Caf Did Cicero fay ally thing ?
Cafe. Ay, he fpoke Greek,
Caf T o what effec^l ?
Cafe, Nay, an I tell you that, I ’ll ne’er look you 1’ th^ face agaim' But thofe that underflood him fmil’d at oiie Another; and fhook their heads; but for mine own part, it Was Greek to me. t could tell you more news too 1 Marullus and Flavius, for pulling fcarfs off images, ' are put
to filcncc* h are you well* There was more foolery yet; if I could remember it*
Caf Will you fup with me to-night; Cafea P
Cafe, No/ 1 am promis’d forth* "
Caf Will you dine with me to-mori*oW ?
V The fo’s and R. ard^ >. and H. if n 'pha ad and 3d io\ JlabPl for *■ fabl'd.
® K. bti for ai o The^fo’s and R..and\ P. and M, if
for a* "
C 2 Cafi:
3^
J-U-^L I U S C ^ S A R.-
Cafe, Ay, if I be alive, and your mind hold, and your dinner p worth the eating.
Caf, Good ; I will expe£l you.
Cafc; Do fo* Farewell both* {Exit*
Bru, What a blunt fellow is tliis grown to be !
He was quick, mettle when he went to Ichooh C^f So is he now, in execution Of any bold or noble enterprize.
However he puts on this tardy form.
This rudenefs is a fauce to his good wit,
WTiich gives men ftomach to digeft his word«
With better ^ appetite.
Bru, And fo it is. For this time I will leave you' : To-morrow, if you pleafe to fpeak with me,
I will come home to you ; or if you will.
Come home to me, and I will wait for you.
Caf, I will do fo : till then, tliink of the world.
{Exit Brutus.
W"ell, BrutuSy thou art noble ; yet I fee Thy honourable * mettle may be wrought From ‘ that it is difpos’d ; therefore “ ’tis meet That noble minds keep ever with their likes ;
For who fo firm, that cannot be feducM ?
Cafar doth bear me hard ; but he loves Brutus*
f All but the fo's and 6. iafert le before •wor/b.
' 1 So the firft f. r. J. and C 3 the left, apf>itUes.
r C. inferts CaJ:us after jfsa#
s The three laft fo's, T. H. fT, J„ and C. metai,
t P. and all after but H, and C. whjt for that,
» Fin^f* it it forVfj,
K
ACT I. SCENE Vr,
,57
If I were Brutus now, and he were CaJJiuSy * He fhould not humour me. I will this night. In feveral hands, in at his windows throw.
As if they came from feveral citizens,
Writings, all tending to the great opinion That Rome holds of his name; wherein obfeurely Cafar'^s ambition fhall be glanced at.
And after this, let Cafar feat him fure;
For wx will fhakc him, or worfe days endure.
SCENE VL -
Thunder and Lightning* Enter, ^ from oppojite Sides, Cicero, and Cafea, * ivith his /word drawn
Cic* Good even, Cafea', brought you Cafar home?
Why are you breathlefs, and wdiy flare you fo ?
Cafe* Are not you mov’d, when all the fway of earth Shakes like a thing unfirm ? O Cicero,
l^Exiu
^ If 1 were Brutus «swj and be were Cafllus,
He fhould not humour me, —r-] This (fays TV,) is a reflexion on Urutus's ingratitude ; which concludes, as is ufual on fuch occafions, in an encomium on his own better conditions. Jf Twere Brutus, (fays he) and Brutus, Caflius, he fhould not cajole me as J do him. To humeur fignifies here to turn and wind him, by inflaming his paffions. TV,
Sut Mr. Seward ia his noUs on Bcaif
c 3
ment and Tktcher, Vol, IV. p, 179, ex- plains this paflage differently j viz. TVere I in Brutus’s cafe, and as much loved hj Caefar, He [vix, Caefar] ivUb all hU fa- vours, fhould not humour me out of my principles, '
^ H. reads, Caefar fhould not Lve me, for. He fhould not humour me,
y from oppofite fidesy put in by C.
2 with bis fivord drawn, firft added b}' R,
^ T, and J, add, mtetssg him*
i havr
rj8 'JULIUS. C ^ S A R.
X * *
I have feen tempefts, when the fcolding.winds Have riv’d the knotty oaks, and I have fcen Th’ ambitious ocean Ivvell, and rage, and foam.
To be fxalted with the ihrcatning clouds :
But neter ’till to-night,^ never ’till now,
Did I go through a ^ tempeft dropping fire.
Either there is a civil flrife in heayen ;
Or elfe the world, too faucy with the gods,
Jncenfes them to fend defi:ru6lion.
VVhy, faw you any thing more wonderful ?
Cafe. A common flave (you know him well by fight) Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn.
Like twenty torches join’d ; and ye;: his hand,
Not fenflble of Are, remain’d unfcorch’d.
Befides, (I ha’ not fince put up my fword)
Againfl: the capitoi I met a lion,
Who glar’d upon me, and went furly by Without annoying me, And there were drawn Upon a- heap a hundred ghaftly women,
T fansformed with theiv fear ; who fwore, they faw Men, ail in fire, walk up and down the fireets.
And yefterday the bird of night did fir,
^ Even at noon-day, upon the market-place, f Hooting and- fhrieking. When thefe prodigies Do fo conjointly meet, let not men fay,
Xfiefe are their reafons, they arc natural ;
The fo’s, be
c. C. have for ka\ e The 2d and 3d fo'i, for fur/y.
L . and R.'s odavo, j ^ So J. and Cj the three firft fo:s,
from Yvhich reacting y, fuppofss the rdt, koutiag.
^ ' Fo
ACT L SCENE VT.
-t39
•Fbr I bSlieve, they are portentous things Unto the climate that they point upon,
Cic, Indeed, it is a ftrange-difpofed time :
But men may conftrue things after their fafliioni Clean from the purpofe of the things themfelvcs.
Comes Cafar to the capitol to-morrow ?
Cafe, He doth ; for he did bid 2 Antonio Send word to you he would be there to-morrow.
Clc, Good night then, Cafea ; this difturbed fky Is not to walk in.
Cafe. Farewell, Cicero. [Exit Cicero^
SCENE vir.
Enter Caffius,
fY,.Who’s there?
Cafe, A Roman,
Caf, Cafcoy by your voice.
I Cafe, Your ear is good. CaJfmSy what night is this > ' Caf, A very pleating night to honeft men,
Caf Who ever knew the heavens menace fo ?
Caf, Thofe that have known tHe earth fo full of faults^ For my part, I have walk’d about the ftreets,
Submitting me unto the perilous night ;
And thus unbraced, Cafea^ as you fee.
Have bar’d ;ny bofom to the thunder-ftonc :
And when the crofs blue lightning feem’d'to opcj|
The breall of heaven, I did prefent myfelf Even in the aim and very of it.
t P% and all after, except C. Antonkt.
. * C 4 Cafe.
f
40 JULIUS C ^ S A R.
Cafc^ But wherefore did you fo much tempt the heavens ) It is the part of men to fear and tremble,
When the mpfl mighty gods, by tokens, fend , Such dreadful heralds to aftonilli us,
Caf, Ypu are dull, Cafca ; and thofe fparks of life
That fhould be in a Roman, you do want.
Or elfe you ufe not : You look pale, and gaze,
> And put on fear, and call yourfelf in wonder.
To fee the flrange impatience o-f the heavens :
But if you would conlider the true caufe.
Why all thefe fires, why all thefe gliding ghofis.
Why birds and beafis, from quality and kind.
Why old men, fools, and children calculate ;
"W hy all thefe things change from their ordinance.
Their natures, and pre-formed faculties,
To monfirous quality ; why, you fliall find,
1 hat heaven ^ hath infus’d them with thefe Ipirits,
To make them infiruments of fear and. warning,
Unto fome monftrous flatc,
Now could I, Cafca, name ^ to thee a man Moll like tills dreadful night;
That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and ^ roars, doth the lion in the capitol ;
A man no mightier than thyfelf, or me.
In perfonal a(flion ; yet prodigious grown^
And fearful, as tliefe flrange eruptions arc,
^ C. m;cb for That. k c. omits to.
\ T. alters bath to has-, followed bj 1 The three laft fo*s, Uan for 7* w Second f. (be/tr^
ACTL SCENE VII.
*41
Cafe. ’Tis Ciefar that you mean ; is it not, Cajfiui ? Caf, Let it be who it is : For Romans now Have " thewes and limbs like to their ancellors;
But woe the while ! our fathers’ minds are dead.
And we are govern’d with our mothers’ fpirits j Qur yoke and fufFerance fliew us womanifli.
Cafe. Indeed they ® lay, the fenators to-morrow Mean to eftablifli Ciefar as a king :
And he fhall wear his crown by fea, and land.
In every place, fave here in Italy. -
Caf. I know where I will wear this dagger then ; Cajfius from bondage will deliver Cajfius :
Therein, ye' gods, you make the weak moH Urong; Therein, ye gods, you tyrants do defeat:
Nor ftony tower, nor walls of beaten brals.
Nor airlels dungeon, nor ilrong links of iron, .
Can be retentive to the ftrength of fpirit \
But life, being weary of thefe worldly bars.
Never lacks power to difmifs itfelf.
If .1 know this, know all the world belides.
That part of tyranny, that I do bear,
I can fhake off at pleafure Cafe. So can I.
So every bondman in his own hand bears The pow^r'tO cancel his captivity.
^ . * The two laft fo'j read Jinewi for ftnnzth ; which is right. tbewes., F. explains tbev;es by manners or « R.'s Oiftavo omits fay.
(ayaciths j T. by mufcles,Jnews, or p , Here the fo^s dlreft {Thunder fiJT.
>4-
JULIUS C^SAR.
Caf. And why fliould C^far^ he a tyrant then } ‘ Poor man ! I know he would not be a wolf.
But that he fees the Romans are but fheep ;
He were no lion, w'er-e not Romans hinds.
Thofe that with haik will make a. mighty fire. Begin it with weak ilraws. What tralli is Rome^ What rnbbifh, and what offal, when it ferves For the bafe matter to illuminate So vile a thing as Ccefar / But,. ^ oh grief,
■ Where hafl thou led me? I, perhaps, fpeak thi;} Before a willing bondman : then I know ' My anfwer mufl be made : But I am arm’d And dangers are to me indifferent.
Caft\ You fpeak to and to fuch a man,,
That is no flearing tell-tale. Hold my hand ;
Be fadlious for redrefs of all thefe griefs •
And I will fet this foot of mine as far.
As who goes fartheftl '
Caf, There ’s a bargain made*. • ’
Now know you, Cafea^ hhave mO\dd already Some certain of the.noblefl-minded Romans^
To undergo, with me, an enterprize . . ,
Of honourable dangerous confequence; - = .
And I do know, . by this, they flay for me .
In Powpey's porch : For now,^ tliis fearful night,..
S C. 9, ih'all be called to account, and mull
r My anfwer muji he .] 1 fwer as for feditious words.
' There
/
A C T I. SCENE Vllf.
There is no lllr, or .walking in theilreets ;
And the complexion of the * element * Is fev’rous, like the work \y$ have in ha^id,
Moft bloody, fiery, and mofi; terriblOf
1 r / ■ '
.. SCENE. VIIE
Enter Cinna> • ^ '
Ccifc, Stand.clofe awhile, for here comes one in hallc.
Caf, ’Tis Cinnay I do know him by his gait ; ’ ^
He is a friend. — Cr«/7^7, where hafie you fo ?
Cin, To find out you. Who *s that ? Meiellus Chnher ?
Caf, No it i$ Cafea ; one incorporate To our attempts. Am T not flay’d for, Ctnnaf
Cm, I am glad on ’t. What a fearful night “ is this There ’s two or three of us have feen flrange lights.
.Caf Am I not flay’d for? ^ tell me. )i
Cln, Yes, you are, . . ^
.O Caffusy * if you could but win the noble Brutus . v To our party —
Caf, Be you content. Good Cinnuy take this paper. And look you lay it in the Praetor’s- chair,
* W, elements,
t For Is fev'rouSf the ift and cd fo’s read Is Favors, the 3d and 4th, Is Fa- vours, J. In favour's, C. Is favour'd. According to thefe two laft editors (as favour muft here fignify complexion ) we ^all rjad^ A|jd the of the ele-
ment in complexion' t, (or, is complexion' d} like the work, &c,
“ The three Jaft fo’s omit is ibis.
^ Between for ? and tell C, inferts China.
^ P. alters this to, could you win, &c. followed by all the editors after, except 7. and C,
Where •
44 ‘ JULIUS C JES A K.
Where Brutus may but find It ; and throw this In at his window ; fet this up with wax Upon old Brutus' ftatue ; All this done,
Repair to Pompefs porch, where you fhall find u«.
Is Deems Brutus^ and Trebonius there ?
Cm. AH but Metellus Cimher ; and he ’s gone To feck you at your houfe. , Well, I will hie.
And fo beftow thefe papers as you bad me.
Caf. That done, repair ^ Pompefs theatre. [^Exit CInna* Come, Cafea^ you and I will, yet ere day.
See Brutus at his houfe; three parts of him.’ y Is ours already ; and the man entire.
Upon the next encounter, yields him ours.
Cafe. O, he fits high in all the people’s hearts :
And that which would appear offence in us.
His countenance, like richeft alchymy,
Will change to virtue, and to wortlilnefs.
Caf. Him, and his worth, and our great need of him. You have right well conceited. Let us go.
For it is after midnight; and ere day.
We will awake him, and be fure of him. \^Exeu?tt.
c
y AreUxls.
ACT
r ' ; [ 45 ]
(aimsW.
A C n.
C E N E I . .
* Brutus’s Garden,
Enter Brutus.
Bfu. •TTrHAT, Lucius, ho!-~
▼ V I cannot, by the progrefs of the ftars,.
Give guefs how near to day. — Lucius, I fay !
I would it were my fault to fleep fo foundly. —
When, Lucius, when? awake, I fay! what, Lucius I Enter Lucius.
Z.«r. Call’d you, my lord ?
Bru. Get me a taper in my ftudy, Lucius :
When it is lighted, come and call me here.
Luc. I will, my lord. ,
Bru. It muft be by his death : and for my part,
I know no perfonal caufe to fpurn at him,
But for the general. He would be crown’d : —
How that might change his nature, there ’s the qneftlon.
* The Enter Brutus in bU archardt ;
It
I
46
JULIUS C S A R.
It Is the bright day that brings fortli the adder ;
And that craves wary walking. Crown hlm—'that^ And then, I grant, we put a fting in him,
That at his will he may do danger with.
The abufe of greatnefs is, when it disjoins * Remorfe from power : And to fpeak truth of Cafar^
I have not known, when his afTeftions fway’d More than his reafon. But ’tis a common proof.
That lowlinefs is young ambition’s ladder.
Whereto the climber-upward turns his face :
But when he once attains the upmoft round.
He then unto the ladder turns his back.
Looks in the clouds, fcornihg the bale degrees By which he did alcend : So Ci^Jav may ; —
Then, left he may, prevent. Arid, fmce die quarrel ^ Will bear'rio colour for the thing he is,
Fafliion it thus 5 that what he is, augmented.
Would run to tliefe, arid'diefe extremities ;
And therefore think hird as a fefpent’s egg,
(Which hatch’d, woiftd; as his kind, grow mifchievous) And kill him in the ftiell.
y ^ nmorfe.foTm^Tcy. ^.-.Remorf, and The fenfe Is this 5 Since oaf fignifics the cotifcious uneafiners arifing quarrel to Cafar will admit' of no pre- from a fenfe of having done wrong j to text, if we found it oAtht chafafter extinguilh which feeling, nothing h&th which he hath hitherto appeared, we fo great a. tendency as abfolute uncon^ muft reprefent it in this light, that if trouled power. ‘ Heath in loc. he fhould augment his power, which is
b The metaphor from the w'ardrobe, the point he is evidently driving at, he when the excellence of the fajhlon makes would certainly run into thefe and thefe out for the defea of the cohuf. ' extrefflides, &c. ‘ Heath in loc.
B\it Heath condemns this note of Pr»
Enttr
A C T m S t E K E i:
4f
" Enur Lucius. *
Luc\ The taper burneth in your dofet, iir. » Searching the window for a flint, I found Tills paper, thus feafld up ; and I am fure,
It did not lye there, when I went to bed.
[Gives him tie
Bru, Get you to bed again, it is not day, ^
Is not to-morrow, boy, the ® ides of March?
Luc. I know not, lir; ‘ ' '
Bru. Look in the calendar, and bring me word*
Luc. I will, lir. . ’ ’ - -
The exhalations, whizzing in the* aii!^ ?
Give fo much light, that I may read by them.
t \Qpms the ‘letter^'
Brutus, thou jleep^ft% awake, and fee thyfelf.
* (S/^«//Rome — Speak ^ ftrikcy redrefs.
Brutus, thou Jleepft awake —
S\ich inftigatioiis -have been often dropt, ’ ’ '' "
Where I have took them up.
• 5/W/Roma — Thus mufl; L piece dt out;
Shall Rome ftand under one man’s ? What, Roim f '
My anceftors did from the ftreets of Rome * '
The Tar quin drive when he was call’d a king. , ’
* ^ * I
. c The fo’s, iJ. and P, read Jjrft for ihcUetci Moixb, as he.fuppofed.. For ides. — We /hould read /Vw,* For we can March. May, July Oind Oeipber had IGk never fuppofe the fpcaker to have' loft each, fo that the 15th oi- Mdreh*
fbtirteen days in his account. He is here was the iiAi pf that month, tfT. < •
plainly ruminating; OH; what, the footh- A The fo-’s read, Shali'Romef See* fayer told in his pcefence [ — jBe- fptak, prike, rfdre/s.! - •
•toare the ides of Mitcli.'] The hoy comei- e The fo’e, Shaii PeomCy See* < Tkui^ back and fays, Mstfch /r noajiel muft X f le<e it out*. - ,
^urtetn cLiys, SO;^at tho; morro^ wa« '* , r r- > *
s . ■ ' • ' ' Speak,
JULIUS C iE S A R* ^
^peaky ftrike, redrefs — f.Am I entreated
To fpeak, and flrike ? — O Rome^ I make * thee proinire/ ‘
If the redrefs will follow, thou receivcft
Thy full petition at the hand of Brutus.
Enter Lucius.
Luc. Sir, March is. wafted * fourteen days. \^Kmck within. Bru. ’Tis good. Go to the, gate, fomebody knocks.
Exit Luc,
Since Cajfius firft did whet me againft Cafar^
I have not flept.
Between the a£ling of a dreadful thing,
And the firft motion, all the interim is Like a phantalnia, or a hideous dream :
* The genius, and tlie mortal
t F. alters thus. Am 2 entreated then^ &c. followed by the reft, except J. and C
S The ad and 3d fo’s, the for thee,
^ So the fo’s and Cj the reft, re- teiv'Ji,
» The fo’s, R. and P. read ffteen Jajr#.— It was wafted but fourteen daysj this was the dawn of the 15th, when the boy made his report, T.
^ This direftion firft put In by 7*.
1 jy. fays, Kingdoms, in the Pagan theology, befides their good^ had their evil gemui'Sf likewife j reprefented here, the moft daring ftretch of « fancy, as Ijtting in confultation with ** the cynfpirators, whom he calls their ** mortal injirimentt.'* But Heath fays, ** By iho£#/2iw, is meant the prcfidlng
inftruments.
Arc'
“ ruling principle In the human mind* the rr/tfiovixov cf lha Stoicks, the ra- tional and immortal part. By the ** mortal inJlrumentSt I underftand the ** whole tribe of paftions, affeftibns, “ and emotions, the fubordinatc powers of the human conftitution, termed mortal j becaufe they w'ere fuppofed to “ be fo, as deriving their origin from “ the mortal body, and in great mea- ** fure depending upon it for their, con- tinuance and prevalency j and termed “ irjiruments too, becaufe in ordinary mortalsj who have not reached the “ heights of corffummate undiftorbed « ftoical wifdom, they are in ntoft cafe* « the very principles which excite and determine to adHan arid execution* ** and the counfellors by which thtf
K r»rpfi/4.».nrf
A C T IL SCENE!,
49
Are then in council ; and the flatc of man.
Like to a little kingdom, fuffers then The nature of an' infurre£lionk
Enter Lucius.
Luc, Sir, ’tis your brotlier Cajfius at the door,
Who doth dehre to I'ee you.
Bru, Is he alone t
Luc, No, hr, there are more with him. '
preficling principle fuffers itfelf to be ments. It is certainly a good rule in crL “ guided. Thefe are reprefented as ticifm, to underffand words" in fuch a being all of them, during the dreadful meaning as the author generally ufes “ period here defcribed, in a Hate of to- them, provided they will make fenfe ih “ tal anarchy, fedition and mutual dif- the paffages where they are found. And fenfion, and the mind as torn and. why may not be here taken in the “ convulfed by the various and contrary meaning in which Sbakefpeare generally “ efforts of hope, fear, ambition, felfj ufes it, vis:, an invifible being, prefiding “ prefervation, private friendlhip, love over the affairs, not only of particular of the public, refentment, envy, and kingdoms, but of particular men ? AI- in Ihort every other paff.on that can lowing this, the meaning then will be, be fuppofed to influence the human The.^f«h/j that prefides over the man, “ breaft on fo Important and interefling and all the powers of body and mind that an occafion.” fica/b in ioc. ^ thc.man poffeffes, w'hich are the Mr. SwUb, in Grej/'s notes, pfopofes f^mts of aaion, called mona/ fecaufe ir.Jiruyncnt for injlrument: and explains belonging to the mortal man, are tlen In «* the frortal inflniment, the man, with couneii, being drawn together by the im- all his bodily, that is, earthly paf- portance of the bufinefs ; and as, in'art fions, fuch as envy, pride, f^c. the Injurreaion, the whole kingdom, from genhii being the foul or fpirit.” the fovereign to the lotveft fubjeft, is In Cny.in loc. an univerfal commotion ; fo It is in this
But why fhould Shakeft>eare, in this little kingdom, man 5 the whole finte e/ place particularly, ufe gennn for foul or man, from his governing genius to hid ffyiritf Spirit would have mi.duied as loweft faculty, is lifenuoufly engaged^ w'eiij fo would foul with a fmaii adci- and exerted, itcp, Tcf foul, end all the Tm^rtai inflru-, m The fo’s, tnoe,
0
5) JBrut
I
50
JULIUS’CiESAR.
Bru. Do you know them ?
Luc, No, lir ; their hats are pluckt about tlielr cars.
And half their faces burled in their " cloaks,
That by no means I may difcover them By any mark of favour.
Bru, Let ° Vm enter. [p Exit Lucius.
They are the faflion. O confpiracy,
Sliam’ft thou to fhew thy dangerous brow by night.
When evils are moft free } O then, by day,
Where wilt thou find a cavern dark enough
To mafk thy monflrous vifage } Seek none, confpiracy ;
Hide it in fmiles and affability :
For if thou path, thy native femblanco on.
Not Erebus itlelf were dim enough.
To hide thee from prevention. ^
ft The three laft fo’s, R. and P. cUatbs P This direfllon not in the fo’s. for cloaks, S P. alters path to march ; followed by
• So the three firft fo’s j the reft, them H. But path is here a verb, agreeable to for Sbcikefpeare's cuftom of converting fub-
ftantives into verbs.
SCEKL
act Ih SCENE II.
51
SCENE ir.
" Enter Caffius, Cafca, Decius, CInna, Metellus,' anJ TreboniuSi
Caf. i think \ve are too bold upoil yout reft ;
Good morrow, Bruius ; do we trouble you ?
Bru. 1 have been up this hour, awake all night.
Know I theie men, that come along with you ?
[* Afidi to Caft*
Cdf. Yes, every man of tliein ; and no man here,
But honours you : and every one dotli wifti^
You had but that opinion of yourfelf,
Wliich every noble Roman bears of 7 his is Trehonlus*
Bru, He is welcome hither*
Caf, This, Decius' Brutus*
Bru, He is welcome too. ,
Caf, ' This, Cafca I this, Cinna\
And this, Metellus Citnber'*
Bru, They all are welcome.
What watchful cares do interpofe theitifelves Betwixt your eyes and night?
*■ Thefo’s, Enter t be Gonfpirator tj Caf- Cus, &:c.
‘ This dire£lion not in the fo’s ox
d
t C. reads. This, Cafca j Cinna tbh ; and t'b:s, Metellus Cimber.
D 2
CaC
52
•JULIUS C ^ S A r:
Caf Shall I intreat a word ? [’■> Caf. and Bru. zvhifper,
Dec* Here lies the eaft; cloth not the day break here?
Cafc» No. >
Cin, O pardon, iir, it doth ; and yon grey lines,
That fret the clouds, are mellengers of day.
* Cafe. You fliall confefs that you arc both deceiv’d :
Here, as I point my fword, the fun arifes ;
Which is a great way growing on the fouth,
Weighing the youthful feafon of the year.
Some two months hence, up higher toward the north He firft prefents his hre ; and the high call Stands, as the capitol, direftly here.
Bru. Give me your hands all over, one by one.
Caf. ^AnJ let us fwear our refolution.
Bru. No,' not an oath : If not the face of men.
The fulTerance of our fouls, the time’s abufe —
If thefe be motives weak, break off betimes.
And every man hence to his idle bed :
So let high-hghted tyranny range on,
Till each man drop by lottery. But if thefe.
As I am fure they do, bear hre enough
To kindle cowards, and to ffeel with valour
The melting fpirits of women ; then, countrymen, *
What need we any fpur, but our own caufe,
To prick us to redrefs } what other bond,
Than fecret Remans, that liave fpoke the word.
And will not palter ? and wliat other oath.
Than honefly to honefty engag’d,
« For Caf. arj Bru. Tvii/jer, C, di- w T". //. and TV. that for rst, eft«, (Onverje n^art j the teft. Thy n-hif- r- for fuse, fr.
That
53
ACT II. SCENE II,
That this Iliall be, or we will fall for it ?
Swear priefts, and cowards, and men cautelous.
Old feeble carrions, and fuch fulferino- fouls That welcome wrongs ; unto bad caufes fwear Such creatures as men doubt : but do not ^ ftain The even virtue of our enterprize,
?^'’or th’ infuppreffive mettle of our fpirits.
To think, that or our caufe, or our performance,
^ Did need. an oath; when every drop of blood That every Roman bears, and nobly bears.
Is guilty of a fcveral baftardy.
If he ^ do break the fmallefl; particle Of any promife that hath paft from him.
Caf. But what of Cicero? fh all we found him?
I think he will ftand very ftrong with us.
Cafe, Let us not leave him out.
Cm, No, by no means.
JHet, O let us have him ; for his hiver hairs Will purchafe us a good opinion.
And buy men’s voices to commend our deeds :
It lhall be faid, his judgment rul’d our hands ;
Our youths and wildnefs fhall no whit appear.
But all be burled in his gravit^^
Bru, O name him not : let us not break with him;' For he will never follow any thing That other men begin.
Caf, Then leave him out.
a So the three £rfi fo’s and C; the reft, dutb for dt.
Cafe.
y W, propofes ftratn for Jiah, * H. Dstb for Did,
54
JULIUS C ^ S A R.
^ Cafe. Indeed, he is not fit*
Dec. Shall no man elfe be touch’d, but only C^jarT Caf. Deems ^ well urg’d ; I think it is not meet,
Mark Antony^ fo well belov’d of Cerfar^
Should out-live Cesfar : vve fl'iall find of him A fhrewd contriver ; and you know, his means.
If he improve them, may well flretch fo far.
As to annoy us all ; which to prevent.
Let Antony and Cafar bfll together.
Brn, Cur courfe will feem too bloody, Cains Cajftus^ To cut the head off, and then hack the limbs ;
Like wrath in death, and envy afterwards :
For Antony is but a limb of Crefar^
^ Let us be facriheers, but not butchers, ^ CaiuSn We all Hand up againft the fpirit of Cafar ;
And in the fpirit of ^ men there L no blood :
O tliat wc then could come by CesfaBs ^ fpirit.
And not difmember C^far ! But, alas I Cafar muft bleed for it : And, gentle friends.
Let ’s kill him boldly, but not wrathfully;
Let ’s carve him as a dilh fit for the gods,
Not hew him as a carcafs fit for hounds :
And let our hearts, as fubtle mafters do,
Stir up their lervants to an afl of rape.
b H. gives this fpeech otCafca to e So all before P ; he and all after,
except C. read man for men.
The fo’s and R. Let's for Let ut. t The three laft fp’s and J^.ff riis for P. and //. omhCaius-^ R. fpmt.
for Qaius.
t
And
I
ACT IL SCENE II.
SS
And after feem to chide f ’em. This fliall make Our purpofe necelTary, and not envious :
Which fo appearing to the common eyes.
We fliall be call’d purgers, not murderers.
And for Mark Antony^ think not of him ;
For he can do no more than CafaAs arm.
When Cafars head is o^fl Caf. Yet I ** fear him :
For ^ in the ingrafted love he bears to C^sfar—
Bru. Alas, good Cajfms^ do not think of him : '
If he love Crsfar, all that he can do Is to himfelf ; take thought, and die for Cafar :
And that were much he fliould ; for he is given To fports, ^ to wildnefs, and much company.
Treb. There is no fear in him ; let him not die ;
For he will live, and laugh at ^ this hereafter. [Clock ftrlkes* Bru. Peace, count the clock.
Caf. The clock hath ftricken three,
Treb, ’I'is time to part.
Caf. But it is doubtful yet.
Whether Cafar will come forth to-day, or no :
For he is fuperftitious grown of late.
Quite from the main opinion he held once ,
Of " fantafy, of dreams, and ceremonies :
It may be, thefe apparent prodigies.
The unaccuitom’d terror of this night.
g So the three firft fo’s j the reft, them for 'em. ''
h P. and all after infert do after /.
* omits in,
^ R.'s odavo, aad for to,
1 R.'s odavo, us for this.
O' So the fo’s and R j C, JVbe'r the reft. If for Whether, n fantajies,
D4
And
56) JULIUS C ii: S A R.^
And the perfuahon of his angurers, - ■ <
May hold liim from the capltol to-day.
Dec. Never fear that : If he be fo refolv’d,
1 can o’erfway him ; for he loves to hear,
That unicorns may be betray’d with trees.
And bears with glalTes, elephants with holes,
Lions with toils, and men with flatterers.
But when I tell him, he hates flatterers.
He fays, he does ; being then mofl; flattered.
® Let me work :
For I can give his humour the true bent ;
And I will bring him to the capitol.
Cc^yi Nay, we will all of us be there to fetch him,
Df u. By the p eighth hour ; is that the uttermofl: ?
Cm. Be that the uttermofl:, and fail not then.
Met. Cains Ligarius doth bear Ccefar ^ hard,
“VlTo' rated him for fpeaking well of Poinpey,
I wonder none of you have thought of him.
Bru. Now, good Metellus, go along to him :
He loves me well ; and I have given him reafons.
Send him but hitlier, and I’ll fafliion him,
Ca/. The morning comes ® upon ’s ; we’ll leave you, Brutus^ And, friends, difperle yourfelves ; but all remember Vr'hat you have laid, and fliew yourfelves true Romans^
Bru. Good gentlemen, lock frefli and merrily 5 Let not our looks put on our puruofes ;
P. alters this to, Leave me to ’ivork : q The three ’all fp’s, R. P. H. and C.
follQvved by the after-editors, except J. hatred for hard.
The fo’s and P. hy for to,
5 C, u/'n I's for u^en ’r,
and C.
P Tne three firft fo’s, eighty
But
i
ACT IL SCENE III.
57
But bear it, as our Roman a£^ors do,
With untir’d fpirits, and formal conftancy ;
And fo, good morrow to you, every one. *
[Exeunt all but Brutus. Boy, Lucius! Faftafleep? It is no matter,
Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of flumber :
Thou haft no figures, nor no fantafies.
Which bufy care draws in the brains of men ;
Therefore thou fleep’fh fo found.
\ . * ■ /
SCENE III.
j * - S
Enter Portia.
For, Brutus^ my lord,
Bru, Portia^ what mean you } wherefore rife you now ? It is not for your health, thus to commit Your weak condition to the raw cold morning.
Por. Nor for yours neither. ^ You ’ve ungently, Brutus^ " Stole from my bed : And yefternight at fupper.
You Suddenly arofe, and walk’d about,
Mufing, and fighing, with your arms acrofs ;
And when I afk’d you what the matter was.
You flap d upon me with ungentle looks :
I urg’d you further ; then you fcratch’d your head.
And too impatiently fiamp’d with your foot:
t The fo’s, Thavc for Tou^ve, vr The two firft fo’s, fodaink*
w J. StoFn. _
Yet
S8
JULIUS C^SAR.
Yet I infixed ; yet yoa anfwerM hot ;
But, with an angry wafture of your hand, Gave fign for me to leave you : So I did.
Fearing to ftrengthen that impatience,
Which feem’d too much enkindled ; and withal, Moping it was but an effea of humour,
Y'hich ibmetiine hath his hour with every man. It will not let you eat, nor talk, nor lleep;
And could it work fo much upon vour fliape.
As it hath much prevail’d on your condition,
I fliould not know you, Brutus^ Oear my lord. Make me acquainted with your caufe of grief.
Bru, I am not well in health, and that is all.
For, Brutus is wife; a.nd were he not in health. Me would embrace the me.ans to come by it.
Bru. Why lb T do. C^ood Portia, go to bed.
For, Is Brutus hek ; and is it phyfical To walk unbraced, and fuck up the humours Of the y dank morning ? What, is Brutus fick ; And will he fteal out of his wholefome bed.
To dare the vile contagion of the night.
And tempt the rheumy and unpurged air To add unto ^ his ficknefs ? Xo, my Brutus \
You have fome fick offence within yogr mind, W>dch, by the right and virtue of my place,
I ought to know of: And upon my knees,
I ^ charm you, by my once commended beauty. By all your vows of love, and that great vow "
* The fo’$, wafter for ’wafture. z The firft f. hit for hit.
y The three lafl: fo’s and it.’i odavo, a P, and H. charge for ibarm.
dark for dank.
Which
ACT II, SCENE m.
59
Wlilch did incorporate and make us one,
That you unfold to me, your felf, your half.
Why you are heavy ; and what men to-night Have had refort to you ; for here have been Some fix or feven, who did hide their faces Even from darknefs.
Bru. Kneel not, gentle Portia, Raifmg her*
Por, I fliould not need, if you were gentle Brutus, Within ^ the bond of marriage, tell me, Brutus^
Is it excepted, I fliould know no fecrets '
That appertain to you } Am I your lelf.
But as it were in fort, or limitation ?
To keep with you at meals, comfort your bed.
And talk to you ' fometimes? Dwell I but in the fuburbs Of your good pleafure ? If it be no more,
Portia is Brutus‘ harlot, not his wife,
Bru, You are my true and honourable wife.
As dear to me, as are the ruddy drops That yiflt my fad heart.
Por^ If this were true, then fhould I know this fecret.
I grant I am a woman ; but withal,
A woman that lord Brutus took to wife :
I grant I am a woman ; but withal,
A woman well reputed, Cato's daughter :
Think you, I am no ftronger than my fex.
Being fo father’d, and fo hufbanded }
7'ell me your coitnfels, I will not difclofe ^ ’em :
^ This dIre£tion firft given by C, Firft: f. tbo for the.
T. fj, and y, conjart for comjoxt.
c P. and H. omit fometimcu f So the three firft fo’s \ tJv reft, them for \m.
I have
6o
.JULIUS C JE S A K.
I have made fireng proof .of my conflancy,
Giving myfelf a voluntary wound
Here, in the thigh : Can I bear that with patience.
And not my hulband’s fecrets ?
Bru, O ye gods.
Render me worthy of tlils noble wife ! ^ [Kn:ck within,
hark ! one knocks : Portia,, go in a while;
And by and by thy bofoin fliall partake The fecrets of my heart ;
All my engclgemcnts I will conftrne to thee.
All the charadery of my fad brows.
Leave me with hafte.
Enter Lucius and Liijaiius.
O
\_Exit Portia.
Luclusy 5 who ’s that knocks ?
Luc. Here is a lick man that would fpeak with you.
Bru. Caius Ligarius, that Metellus fpake of. —
Eoy, ftand alide. — ^ \Exit Luc.j Caius Ligarius, how?
Lig. Vouchfafe good morrow from a feeble tongue.
Bru. O what a time have you chofe out, brave Caius, lo wear a kercliief ? Would you were Aot lick !
Lig. I am not fick, if Brutus have in hand Any exploit wortliy die name of honour.
Bru. Such an exploit have I in hand, Ligarius,
Had you ‘ a healthful ear to hear of it.
Lig. By all the gods ^ that Romans bow before,
I here difeard my ficknefs. Soul of Rome,
So the three firft fo’s and C j the reft, .here tbai knocks f followed by all till C. an for a.
v ho reads •who 's that that knocks ? k- So the fc’s and C', the reft, the for
This diretftion firft nut in by C. that.
Brave
ACT IT. SCENE IV,
6i
Brave Ton, deriv’d from honourable loins,
Thou, like an exorcift, haft conjur’d up My mortified fpirit. Now bid me run.
And, I will ftrive with things impoftible ;
* Yea, get the better of them. What ’s to do ?
Bru. A piece of work, that will make ikk men whole.
Lig. But are not fome whole, that we muft make fick f'
Bru, That muft we alfo. What it is, my CaiuSy I fhall unfold to tjiee, as we are going.
To whom it muft be done.
Lig, Set on your foot j And with a heart new fir’d, I follow you,
To do I know not what ; but itfufficeth, '
That Brutus leads me on. " ' .
Bru, Follow me then. - Exeunt,.
“SCENE TV. P Cae far’s Palace,
Sunder and lightning. Enter Julius Caefar ^ in his night-gown,
Caf Nor heaven, nor earth, have been at peace to-nigh't : Thrice hath CaJphurnia in her flcep ’-y’d out.
Help, ho ! they murder Ccvfar, Who ’s within ? '
1 R. and P. r.t for Tea,
T.'s duodecimo, JV. and J. ’zve mujl for mujl w€.
“ Here the fo’s and R. diredl Thun- tlcr.
e This Scene II. in P. and C.
P No dcfcription of the fcenc in the fo’s.
q So the fo’s and R th« reft omit /« lii
Enter
6^
J U L I U S C ^ S A R.
Enter a Servants
. Ser, My lord ?
C^f, Go bid the prierts do prefent facriiice.
And bring me their opinions of fuccel's*
Ser. I wiB, my lord. [£,/< Servant.
Enter Calphurnia.
Cal. What mean you, Ca:far? Think you to walk fortli? You fhall not ftlr out of your houfe to-day.
Caf. Cafar fhall forth : the tilings that threaten’d me ' Ne’er lookt but on my back ; when they fhall fee The face of Cafar^ they are vaniflied.
Cal. Cesfar.y I never flood on ceremonies :
Yet now they fright me. There is one within,
Befides the things that we have heard and feen.
Recounts mofl horrid fights feen by the watch.
A lionefs hath whelped in the flreets ;
And graves have yawn’d, and yielded up their dead :
Fierce fieiy' warriors fight upon the clouds.
In ranks, and fquadrons, and right form of war,
*V^Tich drizzled blood upon the capitol :
The noife of battle ' hurtled in the air,
Horfes * did neigh, and dying men did groan ;
And * ghofls did fhriek and fqueal about the flreets*
O Gi/ir, thcfe things are beyond ail ufe ;
And I do fear them.
Gr/i \\Tiat can be avoided,
Whofe end is purpos’d by the mighty gods ?
r The three la.^l rVs a.itl burrUd for
bkTiled.
» The finl f. do for d:d,
^ Th?-fourth f. tor gt:fs.
Yet
A C T n. S C E N E IV.
^3
Yet Cafar fliall go forth : for thefe predi£lions Are to the world in general, as to Cafar,
Cal, When beggars die, there are- no comets feen ;
The heavens theml'elves blaze forth the death of princes.
Caf, Cowards die many times before their deaths ; -• ■ '
The valiant never tafte of death but once. - “ ^ •
Of all the wonders that I yet have heard,
It feems to me moll ftrange that men fhould fear ;
Seeing that death, a necelTary end.
Will come, when it will come.
Enter a Servant,.
What fay the " angurers ?
Ser, They would -not have you to flir forth to-day. Plucking the entrails of an offering forth,
They could not find a heart within the beaft,
Caf, The gods do this in lliame of cowardice :
Cafar fhould be a beafl: without a heart.
If he fhould flay at home to-day for fear : '
y No, Cafar fliall not : Danger knows full well^
That Cisfar is more dangerous than he.
We ^ are two Hons, litter’d in one day, , ^ ^
And I the elder and more terrible ;
And Ccdjar fhall go forth. '
Cah
u $0 the fo’s, R. and C } the reft, ««- gurs for augur ers.
w The fourth f. omits to.
X Here T. W, and J. direfl \^Exlt Servant, -
y This latter part of Ca fors fpeech is omitted inP. and if.’f text, but preferred in their margin.
z For are the iftiand zd fo’s read heare\ the 3d and 4th, hear\ R. and F, in bis margin, beard i T. H. in his mar-* gin, and y. •u<ere. ^re is Upton' t emendation j and here I think it not improper to tranferibe the paflage in his Critical Obfeiyations where this emen- dation appears, as It contains an irrefraga- ble
64
JULIUS CiESAR,
Cal. Alas, my lord,
Your wifdom is confum’d in confidence.
Do not go forth to-day : call it my fear.
That keeps you in the houfe, and not your own.
We ’ll fend Mark Antony to the fenatc-houfe ;
And he * fliall fay, you are not well to-day :
Let me, upon my knee, prevail in this.
Caf. Mark Antony fliall fay,^ I am not well;
And for thy humour, I will flay at home.
^ Enter Decius.
Here ’s Decius BrutuSy he fliall tell them fo.
Dec. Ceefary all hail! Good morrow, worthy Cesfar : '
I come to fetch you to the fenate-houfe.
Me argument for mlnutenefs in an edi- « We e a r r two Horn, litter' dh one day, tor, and tends to a vindication of the me- And I the elder and more terrible } thod purfued in this prefent edition. « And Cajar fhall go forth.”
It may be proper, (fays he) in order to There was fome ftroke of the pen at the afeertain fome readings in our author, end of the letter which made the prin- juft to obferve, that in the reign of queen ter miftake it for an h : fo he gave it us, Elizakth the fcholars wrote auncient, “ We he are two lions litter’d in one taulk, cbaunce, &c. keeping tojhe broader “ day.”
m^anner of pronunciation j and added a Mr. Th. reads very ingenioufly, « We letter often to the end of words, as/unne, “ were two Horn, &c.” But my read- rtftkje, See. fometimes to give them a ing is nearer the traces of the origmaJ, ftronfer tone as, doo, wee, mee, dec. — As and the flopping gives a greater propriety trifling as thefe obfervations may appear, to the fentence. Befides, accuracy is of yet they are not to be too (lightly pafled the very edence of criticifm. Grit. Obf, Over by our critic : There is a corrupted on Shahefpeare, 2d edit. p. 176. paflage In Hhake/fejre, which may hence C. reads after Upton.
be more truly than hitherto correaed. a So the fo’s and C j the refl, w/// for
In Juliui Cafar, Aa II. the old writing Jhall.
‘ In P. H. W. and J. the fifth feeng
Danger knows full well begins here at the entrance of Deeius,
** That Ca^ar is more dangerous than He.
Cf/
A C T IL S C E N E IV.
Caf. And you are come in very happy time, •
To bear my greeting to the fenators.
And tell them, that I will not come to-day ;
Cannot, is falfe ; and that I dare not, falfer ;
I will not come to-day, tell them fo, Dectus.
CaL Say, he is lick.
Ceef, Shall Cafar fend a lie ?
Have I in conqueft flretch’d mine arm fo far.
To be afear’d to tell grey-beards the truth Decius, go tell them, Cafar will not come.
Dec, Moll mighty Cafar y let me know fome caufe^ Left I be laught'at, when I tell them fo.
Caf The caufe is in my will, I will not come. That is enough to fatisfy the fenate.
But for your private fatisfaftion,
Becaufe I love you, I will let you know.
Calphurnia here, my wife, ftays me at home :
She dreamt ** to-night. Die faw my ® ftatue.
Which like a fountain, with a hundred fpouts.
Did run pure blood ; and many lufty Romans Came fmiling, and did bathe their hands in it :
^ And thefe does Ihe apply for warnings and portents,
^ And evils imminent ; and on her knee Hath begg’d, that I will ftay at home to-day.
t So the three firft fo’s and C j the reft, afraid for af ear'd.
For to-night the 2d f. reads to nigh j Ji. and all after, except C. laji night.
® H, reads,
whiek
lAke to a fountain^ &c.
C. reads.
Vecliii,
IVhich like a fountain, &c,
f So the' fo’s and R j the reft read, ‘Thefe pe applies for warnings, See. except C. who reads, ^nd thefe pe does apply for warnings, portents. See, g H. IV, a»dC. OfiQtAni.
\DtCm
E
4. 66
JULIUS Ci^:SAR.
Dec. This dream is all amifs interpreted ;
It was a vilion fair and fortunate :
Your ftatue tpouting blood in many pipes.
In which fo many fmiling Romans bath’d.
Signifies, that from you great Rome fliall fuck Reviving blood ; and that great men fhall prefs .
For tinctures, ftalns, relicks, and ** cognifance.
This by Calphurnia^s dream is lignlfy’d.
Cafi And this way have you well expounded it.
Dcci I have, when you have heard what I can fay ;
And know it now ; The fenate have concluded To give, this day, a crown to mighty Cafar^
If you fhall fend them word, you will not come,
, Their minds may change. Befidesj it were a mock Apt to be render’d, for fonie one to fay.
Break up the fenate till another time,
When Cesfar^s wife fti all" meet vvith better dreams.
If Cafar hide himfelf, fhall they not whifper,
Lo, Ccefar is afraid ?
Pardon me, Cafar^ for my jdear dear love To your proceeding bids me tell you this ;
And reafon to my love is liable,
Caf. How fqolifh do your fears feem now, Calphurnia /
I am ^ afhamed I did yield to them. —
Give me my robe, for I will go : To an attendant.
Enter Brutus, Ligarius, Metellns, Cafea, Trebonius, Cinna, and Publius,
And look where Publius is come to fetch me.
^ This direflion firft put in by C. .
Pub.
^ H. cogn'ijanceu 5 W» oJharrCdi
ACT «. S C E N, E IV.
67
Plibk Good morrow, Ccsfa7\
Caf Welcome, Publius. —
What, Brutus^ are you fbirr’d To early tOo ^ —
Good morrow, Cajea.^^ Cams Ligarius^
Cafar was ne’er fo much your enemy.
As that fame ague which hath made you lean*—
What is ’t o’ clock. ?
Bru. Cafar, ’tis flrucken eight*
Caf. I thank you for your pains and courtefy* , "
Enter Antony*
See ! Antony, that revels long o’ nights,
Is notwithftanding up. — Good morrow, Antony ^
Ant. So to moft noble Cafar.
Caf. Bid them prepare within.— [" To an AttendanU I am to blame to be thus vvaited for.
Now, Cinna — -Now, Metdlus — What, Trehonius !
I have an hour^s.talk in ftore for you;
Remember that you call on me to-day ;
Be near me, that I may remember you.
Treb,. Cafar, I will : — and fo near will I be, [? Afide, That your bell friends fhall wifh I had been further*
Caf. Good friends, go in, and tafte feme wine with me; And we, like friends, will ftraitway go together. •
Bru. That every like is not the fame, O Cafar^ Aftde* The heart of Brutus yearns to think upon, {^Exeunt*
» It. reads, ! Caius, &c, • Two firft foh, m.
“ J* ft^icken, p This direction firft given by R,
* This dircaion firft ^ven hy 0% H. This direction firft 'given by>.
E a
SCENE
JULIUS C^SAR.
i8
C E N E y
• A Street near the CapUoh
Enter Artemidorus * reading a paper.
Casfar, beware of Brutus, tah heed of Caflius, come not near Cafca, have an eye to Cinna, truji not T rebonlus, mark •well Metellus Cimber, Decius Brutus loves thee not, thou haft wronfd Caius Ligarlus. There is but one mind in all ihefe men^ and it is bent againft Caviar. If thou beeft not immortaly look about “ thee: Security gives way to confpiracy. The mighty gods defend thee /
Thy lover^ Artemidorus,
Here will I fland, till Ccefar pafs along.
And as a fuitor will I give him this.
My heart laments, that virtue cannot live Out of the teetli of emulation.
If thou read this, O Ccefar ^ thou may’ll live ;
If not, tlie fates with traitors do contrive, Exit.
' In R, and C. Scene III ; in P. if. W. and J. Scene VII.
s No defcription of the Scene in the fo*sj J?, P, and H» call it, the fireety omitting near the capital,
* Reading a paper is firft added by
R.
• The fo’i and C, you for tke^
^ Here, according to the ftriftnefs of fcenical reprefentation, the direftion, in- Head of Exit, ihould have been Scene clofes j for Artemidorus fays. Here will I fiand, till Cxfax pafs alongj &c. which refolution of his is contradifted by hi# making an Exit.
SCENE
r
A C T II. S C E N E VI. €
‘SCENE VI,
^ Another part of the fame Street^ before Brutus’s Houfe*
Enter Portia and Lucius.
For, I prithee, boy, run to the fenate-houfe.
Stay not to anfwer me, but get thee gone : '
Why dofl thou ftay ?
Luc, To know my errand, madam.
For, I would have had thee there, and here again.
Ere I can tell thee what thou lliould’il do there.—
0 conllancy, be ftrong upon my hde.
Set a huge mountain ’tween my heart and tongue ;
1 have a man’s mind, but a woman’s-* might.
How hard it is for women to keep counfel 1 —
Art thou here yet ?
Luc, Madam, what fliould *1 do ?
Run to the capitol, and nothing elfe ?
And fo return to you, and nothing elfe ?
For, Yes, bring me word, « boy, if thy lord' look well; For he went fickly forth : And take good note.
What Cafar doth, what fuitors prefs to him.
Hark, boy I what noife is that ?
Luc. I hear none, madam.
* In C. Sc. IV. 2 (7. alters mrgh{ to heart,
y This defeription of feene firfl given ^ The fsuith f. omits hoy,
fcyC.
E 3 For,
70 JULIUS C^SAR,
Por» Prithee liften well :
I heard a buftling rumour, like a fray,
And the wind brings it from the capitol.
Luc. Sooth, madam, I hear nothing.
Enter ^ Soothfayer.
Par. Come hither, fellow : which way hail thou been ? Sooth. At mine own houfe, good lady.
Por. What is ’t o’ clock ?
Sooth, About the ninth hour, lady. ^
Por. Is Cicfar yet gone to the t:apitol ?
Sooth. Madam, hot yet ; I go to take my fland.
To fee him pafs on to the capito!.
Por, Thou haft fome fuit to C<£far^ haft thou not ?
Sootht That ‘I have, lady, if it will pleafe Cafar To be fo good to Ccefar^ as to hear me :
1 fhall befeech him to befriend himfelf.
For. Why, know’ft thou any harm ’s intended towards him ? ■
Sooth. None that I knew will be, much that ! fear ® may chance.
Good morrow to you. Here the ftreet is narrow ;
The throng that follows Ctrfar at the heels.
Of fenators, of praetors, common fuitors,
Will crowd 'a feeble man almoft to death :
I ’ll get me to a place more void, and there
Speak to great Cafar as ‘he comes along. [Exit.
^ So the fo’s and C; the reft, Arte,e ,P. and all after, except C. barm f»r Vitdorus for Soothfayer, harm' i.
c S, P, and n. defend for befriend. e p, and all after, except C, omit
tnay chance.
For. ■
A C T II. S C E N E VI.
7«
Por. I mull go in. — ^ Aye me ! how weak a thing The heart of woman is ! s O Brutus^
The heavens fpeed thee in thine enterpri'ze !
Sure the boy heard me, — Brutus hath a fult That Cafar will not grant. O, I grow faint : —
Run, Luciusy and commend me to my lord ;
Say, I am merry : come to me again,
And bring me word what he doth fay to thee. Exeunt.
^ y Ah for Aye, ^ The three laft fo's and C, omit this
g So the fb’s and R j the reft, 0 Bril’* dlredlior- tut I Brutus ! 3cc,
1
E4
ACT
7a
JULIUS CJiSAR.
ACT III.
SCENE I.
^ The Street leading to the Caj^itoL
riourijl^, Ejiter C^far,' Brutiis, CalTius, Cafca, Decius, Metellus, Trebonius, Cinna, Antony, Lepidus, Arte- midorus, ^ Publius, * Popilius, and the " Soothfayer,
Ccr.f, ^ I H E ides of March are come.
Soothe Ay, Ceefar\ but not gone, ^rt^ Hail, Cafar / Read this fchedule.
. Dec, Trehofiius doth dchre you to o’er-read.
At your b^lb leilure, this his hymble fuit.
i There is no defcription of the fcene jnthefo’sj R. P. and C. defcnbe it, capital’^ H. The entrance into the ca- fitoly T. TV. and "J. The Jireet before the Capitol ; and the capital o^en. But it is evident that thefe are all improper de- fcriptions. For, according to the firft, it is abfurd to make the capitol the fcene of what paffes in the firaet j Ccfjlin fays, TVkaty urge you your petlticni in the f.reet? and ftill rRpre abfprd, vvhen he bids them dme to the capitol^ to foppofc thera in the
capitol already. Or, If by the capitol be meant the outfide of the capitol, as ex- plained by the tvvo laft defcripticns, it is ftill improper to fuppofe that the bufi- nefs, which is hereafter to be tranfafted within the capitol, may be commodiouHy heard and feen by an audience to whom the outfide only of the capitol is prefent, ed, and who, in that cafe, can but fee" and hear through the door-way. Be- Tides, if the fcene be fuppofed the en- trance into the capitol, CnJJius would b etter
ACT III. SCENE I.
Art. O Cafar, read mine firft; for mine ’s a fiiit That touches Cafar nearer : Read it, " great Ccefar. CcEf. What touches us ourfelf, fliall be laft ferv’d, Art. Del^y not, Cafar read it inftantly.
better have faid. What urge you your pe- titions at the door ? Come into tb' capi- tal.
I have therefore prefumed to make M’hat is done without and within tlie capitol, two diftinft fcenes, as I believe Shakefpeare intended. Nor is it neceflary to Uk the firft fcene clofe to the capitol, but rather more confonant with feveral paflages in the foregoing a£l that it Ihotild be at fome diftance. In fcenp fifth of the fecond aft Artemidorus fays, Here ’luill I Jland, till Caefar pafs along, &c. which implies that the part of the ftreet where he had fixed himfelf was at fome dif- tanpe from l:he capitol j for if it was at the entrance of the capitol, he would with more propriety have faid, Here lotll J fiand, till Caefar Jhall arrive. And in the fame aft, fcene 6, before Brutus's houfe (which is underftood to be at a confiderable diflance from the capitol by Portia's words to Lucius,
Prithee lifien well :
I beard a buftHng rumour like a fray, yind the •wtr.d brings it from the capitol. the Soothfayer fays.
Here the fireet is narrow ; Jhe throng that follows Ccfjar at the ^eels,
Of fenators, of praetors, common fultors, Will crowd a feeble man almoil to death : I ’ll get me to a place more ‘void, and there
Speak to great Cafar as he comes along. Now for any thing that appears in this laft fpeech, the Soothfayer might be fup- pofed to remove to a place more remote from the capitol than Brutus's houfe was ; for his only reafon for removing from thence was, becaufe the ftreet there was narrow. But admitting that he re- moved nearer the capitol, yet the fenfe of his words makes it unlikely he ihould ftation himfelf at the entrance of the capitol, w^hich he might reafonabiy ex- peft w'ould be more crowded than any other part of the ftreet. Again, if he had defigned to ftation himfelf at the entrance of the capitol, he would vt-ith greater accuracy have faid,
1 ’ll to the door o' tb' capital, and there Speak to great Cajar as he enters in^ k The three laft fo’s, and P. omit Publius in the entrance, but make him fpeak in the fcene,
1 The firft f. omits PepUius.
R.'s duodecimo and P. Sooth-^-
fayrrs.
« P, and U. omit vreat.
Of.
/
74
JURIUS" C JE S AR
Caf. What, is the fellow mad ?
Puh» Sirrah, give place.
Caf, What, nrgc you your petitions in the flreet ?
Come to the capitol. Exeunt^
SCENE II.
The CapltoU
The Senate fitting. Enter Caefar and the rej!, as in the foregoing Scene. Senate rifes. Cscfar moves toxuards his Seat.
Pop. I wilh your enterprize to-day may thrive.
[p j^lde to CaC
Caf. What enterprize, Popilius ?
Pop. Fare you well. Follows Coefar,
Bru. W’hat faid Popilius Lena ? [*“ ^fide to Caflius,
Caf He wifh’d to-day our enterprize might thrive,
I fear our purpofe is difcovered.
It Is recdlefs to far, that this di- reilicn, and the reft that are made necefiary by altering the fcenes, are net in any edition before. C. here direds, Artemidorcs is pujb' d back : Vihich would have been proper enough, fuppo.^ing the feene to be the ftreet } but as C. fuppofes the feene to be the capi- tol, and Artemidorus in the entrance^ emid a throng of ptogUf and whom, in this cafe, we muft imagine to be prefling after Cajar into the capitol, it is very
InconCftent, he fliould be bidden to com to the capitolf and yet puflied back.
P This direction in no edition be- fore.
q Here C, direfis \leaves bintj and jcifii Caefar. But FopiTtus does not yet join Ccefarf nor has he join’d him three fpeeches after, when Brutus fays, hook bo’iu be makes to Caefar, &c. The reft have no diredion.
r This dirsillon in no edition be- fore.
Bru.
ACT III. SCENE II,
Bru. Look how he makes to Ctrfar ; mark him,
Cnf. Cafcoy be fudden, for we fear prevention.
Brutus, what fhall be done ? If this be known,
CciJ/tus or Cafar never fhall turn back.
For I will flay myfelf,
[® Caefar hlng arrived at his 'feat, PopilhlS whifpers him and fmiles,
Bru, Cajfius, be conftant :
Popilius Lena fpeaks not of our * purpofes ;
For look, he fniiles, and Ccsfar doth not change.
Caf Trehonius knows his time ; for look you, Brutus,
He draws Mark Antony out of the way.
[“ Exeunt Antony and Trebonius converjing, Caefar and the Senate being feated, Metellus advances towards Caefar. Dec, Where is Metellus Cimber ? Let him go.
And prefently prefer his fult to Ccefar.
Bru^ He is addreft : prefs near and fecond him.
Cin, Cafca, you are the firfl that ^ rear your hand.
\The Confpirators follow Metellus, and range themfelves . \ about Caefar.
C^^f, Arc we all ready ? What is now amifs,
That Cafar and his Senate muft redreL ?
Met, Moft high, moft mighty, and moll puilTant Ccefar, Metellus Cimber throws before thy feat Kneeling.
An humble heart.
Caf, I muft prevent thee, Cimber,
« Nor this, ^ The fo's, it. P. T'.rr. and y, rtart
t T, H, }V, and J. furpo/e for pnr- for remr.
^efes, ^ No dlreflloB in the fu’s, C, dIre£U
^ No direfllon in any edition before [projlratir.g
Thefc
76- JULIUS c^sar;
Thefe conchings, and thefe lowJy y courtefics.
Might * hre the blood of ordinary men.
And turn pre-ordinance, and fiift decree.
Into the ^ lane of children. Be not fond.
To think that Ca;far bears fuch rebel blood.
That will be thaw’d from the true quality W ith that which melteth fools; I mean, Iwcet words^ Low-crooked court’fies, and bafe fpaniel fawning. Thy brother by decree is baniflied :
It thou doft bend and pray and fawn for him,
I Ipurn thee like a cur out of my wav.
Know, Cesfar dotlx not wrong, nor without caufe Will he be fatisfiedo
y So the t\ro firfl: fo's and C; the V fourth f. and R's oftavo, ctxrtfifs 5 the reft, curtcfiei.
z W. reads “ Submifllon,
“ fays he, does not Jire the blood, but ** melts it to compaftion j or, as he fays “ juft after, tbaiu it. So afterwards in this play he fays,
*• The power of fpucb to^ixmcns bloods.”
W.
But is it not fre, that//>j, mcltf, and tbenQs? — Fire is a term made ufe cf to exprefs the moving or kindling all the paftions j and f ir is very unluckily pitched upon to Jupply it’s place in this paftage, bei> g more properly applied to the turbulent and boifterous paftlcns 5 in Ctbdio we read, the Jpv it -ftirring drum j and the fenfe of fir in the paf- fage above- quoted by W, is not to fttr companion, but revenge, as is plain by
what follows,
I only fpeak right on. i tell you that, which you yourfelves do know j
Shew you fwcet Cafari wounds, poor, poor, dumb mouths !
And bid them fpeak for me. But were 1 Brutus^
And Brutusy Antony, there were an An- tony
■Would ruffle up your fpirlts, and put a tongue
In every wound of Cajar, that Ihould mo’ve
Thefonei of Rome to rife and mutiny.
So that to fir men's bloods, to ruffle their fpirits, and to move to tnfurreSIion and mutiny, are all of them phrafes which here Cgnify to infpire them with revenge, of Ceefar s death.
^ 7' conjeaures laiv for hne^
ACT III. SCENE 11.
77
Met, Is thei-e no voice more worthy than my own, ' To found more fweetly in great Cafar^s ear,
For the repealing of my banifh’d brother?
Bru, I kifs thy hand, but not in flattery, Cafar\ Defiring thee, that Publius Cimber may Have an immediate freedom of repeal. , - Ccsf^ What, Brutus!
Caf, Pardon, Cisfar ; Cafar^ pardon :
As ^ low as to thy foot doth Cajfius fall,
To beg enfranchifement for Publius Cimber.
Caf. I could be wxll mov’d, if I were as you ;
If I could pray to move, prayers w^ould move me :
But I am conftant as the northern ftar ;
* Of whofe true, fixt, and refting quality,
There is no fellow in the firmament.
The fkies are painted with unnumber’d fparks.
They are all fire, and every one doth fhine ;
But there ’s but one in ail doth hold his place : - So in the world, ’tis furniflpd w^ell wdth men.
And men are flefli and blood, and apprchenfive.
Yet in the number, I do know but one That unafTailable holds on his ^ rank,
Unfhak’d of ® motion ; and that I am he.
Let me a little fhew it, even in this ;
That I w^as conftant Cimber fhould be banifh’d And conftant do remain to keep hknTo,
^ Th&fecond f, Uvt for Icno, d y. conjevtures race for rank,
s- The ten following lines are onaitted e Upton conjeftures notion for ntotion. by P. and H, in tkek text, but preferved Crit. Obf, Book 5i, Se£l. lo. id the tnargla.
. t
Cin.
^8 ' . JULIUS CiESAR,
^ Ctn, O Cesfary —
CteJ, Hence ! Wilt thou lift up Olympus ?
Dec^ Great Cafar^ —
Caf. 8 Doth not Brutus bootlefs kneel ?
Cafe. Speak, hands, for me ! [*> Stabbing him in the nech Caifar rifes, catches at the dagger^ and ftruggles with him : defends himfelf for a time^ againft him^ and againft the other Confpirators \ but^ fobbed by Brutus,
Ceef Et tUy Then fall, Cafar.,
[f he fubmits ; muffles up his face in his mantle I fallsy and dies. Senate in confufion.
Cin. Liberty ! Freedom ! Tyranny is dead ! —
Run hence, proclaim, cry it about the Erects. • '
Caf Some to the common pulpits, and cry out.
Liberty, freedom, and enfranchifement !
Bru. People, and lenators, be not affrighted ^
Fly not, ftand fflll ; ambition ’s debt is paid.
Cafe. Go to the pulpit, Brutus.
t The firft f. gives this fpeech to CinnOf his name being put whhotit ab- breviation before the fpeech, vie. Cwna'y the other fo’s, H. artd C. contracted, via. Cin. R. F.T.JV. and y. Cim. So that by a miftake of the prefs in R's edition thifrfpeech is given by the reft to Metel- lui Cimhsr.
g So the firft f. r. rr. and C ; the three laft fo’s and the reft, for Doth read Do j but then the fo’s have 'a point of interrogation at the end of the fpeech, which feems to ftiew that Do was an cr- »or of the prefs. Although reads
Dothf yet he fays he would read Boi The meaning of Ctefar's fpeech is plain- ly this, Doth not Brutus kneel without effcCl ? Brutus, whom I iroft cfteeirt among you ? and can you, Cajms, Citina, and Decius, exped to prevail ?
h I have copied thefe dircClions from C; the reft have only [They fiab Caefan C. has copied thefe JireClions from Plu- tarch, it xsTuUi snapet
To» aiiyjva, icc,
•f- The fo’s and R, have no dIreClIoii here, the reft [Dies.
Dcci
act ITL scene II. St)
Dec, And Cajftus too.
Bru, Where ’s Publius ?
Cin, Here, quite confounded with this mutiny.
Met, Stand faft together, left fome * friend of CafaPs Should chance —
Bru. Talk not of ftandlng, — Publius^ good cheer; There is no harm intended to your perfon.
Nor to no Roman elfe ; fo tell them, Publius,
Caf. And leave us, Publius^ left that the people, , Rufhing on us, fhould do your age fome mifcliief,
Bru. Do fo ; and let no man abide this deed.
But we the doers, Exeunt all but Confplratorsi
^ Enter Trebonius,
Caf, Where is Antony?
T’re, Fled to his houfe amaz’d ;
Men, wives, and children, ftare, cry out, and run.
As it were doom’s-day.
Bru, Fates, we will know your pleafures;
That we fhall die, we know” ; ’tis but the- time.
And drawing days out, that men ftand upon,
° Cafe, Why, he that cuts off twenty years of life.
Cuts off fo many years of fearing death.
Bru. Grant that, and then is death a benefit ;
So are we CafaAs friends, that have abridg’d
i duodecimo, T. IV. ^T^iJ,frUni9 for friend,
k This direftion firft put in by C.
I HereP. H, fT. and C. begin their (econd Tcene,
in So the fo*s, R. T. fV, and the reft. Where for Where is,
« The fe)*s and R. give this fpeech to Cafea j the reft to GaJJius,
His
( tSo JULIUS S A R.
His time of • fearing death. — ° Stoop^' Romans, ftoop, ’ And let us bathe our hands in Cafar's blood Up to the elbows, and befmear our fwords ;
Then walk we forth even to the market-place.
And, waving our red weapons o’er our heads,
Let ’s all cry peace, freedom, and liberty !
® P. gives the remainder of this fpeech to Cafca, becaufe he thinks nothing is more inconfiftent with Brutus's mild and philofophical chara^er : and is followed hyW. In aiifwer to this, T. tells us that Shakefpeare is ftri£Ily copying a fadi in hiltory, and that Plutarch] in the life of Cafar^ fays, Brutus and his followers, “ being yet hot 'ivith the murtber, marched in a body from the fenate-houfe to the capitoly with their drawn fivordsj with an air of confidence and aflurance.” And in the life of Brutus, “ Brutus and his party betook themfelves to the capitol, and In their way pewing their hands all bloody, and their naked ivcox^s, proclaimed liberty to the j^eople.’* But T*. has offered nothing to the pur- pofe againft P's emendation j for the quelfion is not whether with the reft of his party, bathed his hands in Ceejar r blood j but whether Shakrjpeare intended him the firfl mover to this un- Jeem'y adlion (as P. feems to .think it) by putting the controverted words into his mouth. Yet, after what Upton has written on this pafTage no one can feru- ple giving thefe lines to Brutus. The ** philofophicalcharadlerof Brutus, fays
** he, bids you expedf confiftency aad fteadinefs from his behaviour : he thought the killing of Antony, when ** Cafar's afTaflinatioti was refolved on, would appear too bloody and unjulf: ** Let us be Jacrificers, but not butchers; “ Let ’s carve him as a difh p for the “ gods.
“ The hero, therefore, full of this idea “ of facrificing Ccefar to his injured ‘‘ country, after ffabbing him in the fenate, tells the Romans to ftoop,*and “ befmear their hands and their fwords ** in the blood of the facrifice. This was agreeable to an ancient and reli- “ glous cuftom. So in Mjehylus we read, that the feven captains, who " came againft Thebes, facrificed a bull, and dipped their hands in the gore,
“ &c. And Xenophon tells us, that when the barbarians ratified their treaty with the Greeks, they made a facrifice, and dipped their fpears and fw'ords in the blood of the viaim. By this folemn aflion Brutus gives the aflaftination of Ccefar a religious air “ and turn, &c.” Crit. Obf. 2d edit, p. 78.
Caj.
. ACT IIL S C E N E IL 8i
Caf, Stoop then, and wafli. — How many ages hence
[P Dipping their /words in Caefar’s blood. Shall this our lofty fcene be adled ^ over,
In ftates unborn, and accents yet unknown !
’ Bru. How many times fliall Ceejar bleed in fport.
That now on Pompey*s balls lyes along,
No worthier than the dufl: !
' Caf, So oft as that fliall" be.
So often fliall the knot of us be call’d The men that gave their country liberty,
Dec, “ What, fliall we forth ?
Caf Ay, every man away :
Brutus fliall lead, and we will grace his heels With the moll boldeft and bell hearts of Rome.
Enter a Servant,
Bru, Soft, who comes here ? ^ A friend of Anton/ s, >
Ser, Thus, BrutuSy did my mafter bid me kneel ;
Kneeling,
Thus did AEark Antony bid me fall down ;
And, being proftrate, thus he bad me fay.
Brutus is noble, wife, valiant, and honeft;
Ccefar was ^ mighty, bold, royal, and loving;.
P There is no diredlon in the fo’s and C.
<5 So the fo’f, R, and C j the refl-, o'er for o-ver,
r The firft f. Jiate for Jiateu ' ^ P. and H. have put this fpeech in- to Qtfca's mouth, without giving any reafon for it.
t And this into Brutt's's, without giving a reafon.
^ R. reads, nhat goall •nee
forth f'
^ R. P. and H. read, pf'^nh the mof bold, end the left hearts, &c.
X P. and H. make the fervant’s fpeech ^ begin here.
y No diredlon in the fo’s and C.
^ P,"!. H. and read, Eighty, royal, bold and ioajing.
F
82
JULIUS Cu^SAR.
Say, I love Brutus, and I honour him ;
Say, I fearM Cafar^ honour’d him, and lov’d him.
If Brutus will vouchfafe, that Antony May fafely come to him, and be refolv’d How Ccefar hath deferv’d to lye in death,
Mark Antony fhall not love Cafar dead So well as Brutus living ; but will follow The fortunes and affairs of noble Brutus y Thorough the hazards of this untrod ftate.
With all true faith. So fays my mafter Antony.
Bru, Thy mafler is a wife and valiant Roman ;
I never thought him worle. i
Tell him, fo pleafe him come unto this place.
He fhall be fatishcd, and by my honour,
Depart untouch’d.
I ’ll fetch him prefently. Servant.
Bru, I know that we fliall have him well to friend.
Caf, I wifli we may ; but yet ^ have I a mind That fears him much ; and' my mifgiving ftill Falls fhTewdly to the purpofe.
Enter Antony.
Bru. But liere comes Antony. — Welcome, Mark Antony. Am. O mighty Cafar ! doll thou lye fo low ?
Are all thy conquefls, glories, triumphs, fpoils,
.Shrunk to this little meafure } Fare thee well. —
I know not, gentlemen, what you intend.
Who elfe muft be let blood, who elfe is rank :
If I myfelf, there is no hour fo fit
» T.'s duodecimo^ i bg'Vfi for have h ^ H«re begins the third fccae in F. If.
fF. and J.
As
ACT in. SCENE II.
S3
As Cafar^s death’s hour; nor no inftrument Of half that vv’^orth, as thofe your f^’^ords, made rich With the molt noble blood of all this world.
I do befeech ye, if *= you bear me hard.
Now, whilft your purpled hands do reek and fmoak^ Fulfil your pleafare. Live a thoufand years,
I fhall not find myfelf fo apt to die :
No place will pleafe me fo, no ^ mean of death^
As here by Cafar, and by you cut off,
The choice and mafter fpirits of this ao-e.
Bru. O Antony^ beg not your death of us.
Though now we mufi; appear bloody and cruel.
As, by our hands, and this our prefeiit act,
Voii fee we do; yet fee you but our hands.
And this the bleeding bufinefs they have done ;
Our hearts you fee not, they are pitiful ;
And pity to the general wrong of Ro?ne (As fire drives out fire, fo pity, pity)
Hath done this deed on Cafar* For your part.
To you our fwords have leaden points, A4ark Antony^ Our arms « no ftrength of malice ; and our hearts.
Of brothers’ temper, do receive you in.
With all kind love, good thoughts, and ' reverence.
Caf, Your voice fhall be as ftrong as any man’s.
In the djfpofing of new dignities^
Bru, Only be patient till we have appeas’d The multitude, befide themfelves with fear.
W , and y. ye for you, i The two firft fo’s, T.and JT. rmane^, ■P. and Hx meuvs,
F
* So C j the fo^s and H. for rto read rsj P. and the reft for no Jinngtb oj read exempt from'.
%
And
t4 JULIUS C ^ S A R.,
And then we will deliver you the caiife,
Why I, that did love Cafnr when I flruck hin^,
^ Have thus proceeded.
Jnt. I doubt not of your wifdom.
Let each man render me his bloody hand,
Firft, Marcus Brttius, will I Utake w^ith you ; —
Next, Caius CaJ/ius, do I take your hand ; —
Now, Decius Brutus y yours; — now yours, Metellus; — Yours, Cinna; — and, my valiant yours; —
Though laft, not leaft in love, yours, good Trebouius. Gentlemen all, alas ! what fhall I lay ?
My credit now flands on fuch llippery ground.
That one of two bad ways you muft conceit me.
Either a coward, or a flatterer. —
That I did love thee,- Cafa^-y O his true If then thy fpirit look upon us now.
Shall it not grieve thee, dearer than thy death,
To fee thy Antony making his peace,
Shaking the bloody Angers of thy toes,
Moll noble ! in the prefence of thy corfe ?
Had I as many eyes as thou haft wounds,
Wheping as fall as they ftream forth thy blood,
It would become me better, than to dole In terms of friendlhip with thine enemies.
Pardon me, Julius ! Here waft thou bay’d, brave = hart,. Here didft thou fall, and here thy hunters ftandy
f For Have thus proceeded P. reads cept C.
Proceeded (bus, followed by all after, ex- g The three laft fo’s, heart for haru
. Sign’d
- sign’d In thy fpoil, and crlmfon’d in thy ^ Lethe.--- O world, thou vvaft the forell to this hart ;
And this indeed, O world, the * heart of thee.—
How like a deer, ™ ftricken by many princes,
. Doft thou here lye !
Ca/^ Mark Antony^ —
Ant. Pardon me, Cains CaJJius ;
The enemies of Cafar (hall fay this;
Then, in a friend, it is cold modefty.
Caf. I blame you not for praifing Crefar ib,
But what compatt mean you to have with us ?
Will you be prick’d in number of our friends;
Or fliall w’e on, and not depend on you ?
Ant. 1 herefore I took your hands ; but was indeed Sway d from tne point, by looking down on Cafar. Friends am I with you all, and love you all,;
Upon this hope, that you fliall give me realbns,
Why and wherein Ccefar was dangerous.
Bru. Or elfe " were this a favage fpeftacle :
Our reafbns are fo full of good regard,
That were you, Antony, the fon of Cafar,
You fhould be latisfied. '
Ant. That ’s all I feek :
And am moreover fuitpr, that I may Produce his body to the market-place,
^ R,'s oftavo, Sing'd for Sign'd, i So the fo’s, R. W, J, and Cj the
hut preferved in the margin,
^ The fo’s and R. hart for heart.
^ The firft f. Jlrokeny Q. Jirooken.
“ P's duodecimo, 7. IV, and J, this
reft:, death for h-etbe,
^ The following lines of this fpeech
Z6
JULIUS CiESAR,
And in the pnlpit, as becomes a friend.
Speak in the order of his funeral.
£ru. You fhall, Mark Antony^
Caf, Brutus y a word with you.
You know not what you do : Do not con font, [® AJlde^ That Antony fpeak in his funeral :
Know you how much the people may be mov’d By that which he will utter ?
Bru* By your pardon —
I will myfelf into the pulpit firft,
And fhew the reafon of our CafaBs death :
What Antony fliall fpeak, I will proteft He fpeaks by leave and by permiffion ;
And that we are contented, Cafar fhall Have all p true rites and lawful ceremonies.
It fhall advantage more, than do us wrong.'
Caf, I know not what may fall ; T like it not.
• , Bru, Mark Antony y here, take you CcefaAs bbdy.
You fl'iall not in your funeral fpeech blame us, '
But fpeak all good you can devile of C<iefari And fay, you do ’t by our permiffion : ' '
*3 £lfe fliall you not have any hand at all v^bout his funeral : And you fliall fpeak In the fame pulpit w'hercto I am going After my fpeech is ended.
' ' Ant. Be it fo ;
I do defire no more„
o This direflion not in fo’s and C. So the fo’s, T, IV. J. and C; K.
? P. and all after, except C. due for reads, Elje you Jhall noty tiz, F. and A, '/•f. . ' . . Tuu pall not eljcj &c. • '
Bru.
A C, T III. SCENE n.
87
Bru» Prepare the body thejn, and follow us,
\_Exeunt all but Antony,
' Ant. O pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth.
That I am meek and gentle with thefe butchers.
Thou art the ruins of the noblell man ‘
That ever lived in the tide of times.
Woe to the hand that fhed this coftly blood 1 Over thy wounds now do I prophefy,
(Which,* like dumb mouths, do ope their ruby lips^
To beg the voice and utterance ©f my tongue)
A curfe fliall light upon the ® Ih^bs of men ;
Domeftic fury, and fierce civil ffrife,
Shall cumber all the parts of Italy ;
Blood and deftru£lion fhall' be fo in ufe.
And dreadful objefts fo familiar,
That mothers fhall bnt fmile, when they behold Their infants quarter’d * with the hands of war ;
All pity choakM with cuflom of fell deeds ;
And Cafar^s fpirit, ranging for revenge,
With Ate by his fide, come hot from hell.
Shall in thefe confines, with a monarch’s 'voice.
Cry " havock, and let flip the dogs of war;
That this foul deed fliall fmell above the eartli.
f Here begins the fourth feene in F. H. W. and J,
* For limbi H. reads k'md'^ W. line, y. thinks it fhould be livety orlym?nsj that is, theft bloodhounds of men.
» P. T. H. and by for with,
F
* w y. tells us that a learned correfpon- dent has ipformed him, that, in the mili- tary operations of old times, havock was the word by which declaration W'a^made, that no quarter fhould be given.
With
4
8S JULIUS C.ESAR,
With carrion men, groaning for burial.
Enter 0£lavius’s Servant.
You ferve Oetavius Ccefar] do you not ?
Ser, I do, Mark Antony,
Ant, Ceefar did write ’^‘for him to come to Rome,
Ser, He did receive his letters, and is comine :
And bid me fay to you by word of mouth, —
0 Cisfar ! Seeing the body.
Ant, Thy heart is big; get thee apart, and weep.
Paffion, I fee, is catching; ^ for mine eyes,
Seeing thofe ^ beads of forrow ftand .in thine.
Begin to water. Is thy mafter comine ?
Ser, He lies to-niglit within feven leagues of’ Ro7ne,
Ant, Poll back with fpeed, and tell him what hath chanc’d. Here is a mourning Rome, a dangerous Ro??ie,
No Rome of lafety lor Octavius yet;
Hie hence, and tell him fo. Yet Hay a wdiile;
Thou fhalt not back, till I have born this corfq Into the market place ; There fnall I try.
In my oration, how the people take The cruel ilTue of thefe bloody men ;
According to the which, thou flralc difeourfe
1 o young Q^avius of the Hate of things.
Lend me your hand. ^ [_Exeunt with the body.
^ The fo’s, OSiavto's for OSanJiuiz, * C, to for for.
y This direction firft given by R,
^ T|^e firft f. from fpr for.
^ F. beds for heads, b Firft and 2d fo’s, courfe', 3d and 4tb, coarfe.
^ « The fo’s omit vtltb the body.
SCENE
ACT III.
SCENE III.
S9
-SCENE IIL
* The Forum.
. Enter Brutus, CafHus, and the Plebeians*
Pleh* We will be fatisfied; let us be fatisfied.
Bru* Then follow me, and give me audience, friends.— Cajjius^ go you into the other ftreet.
And part the numbers.
Thofe that will hear s me fpeak, let ^ ’em flay here ;
Thofe that will follow CaJJiuSy go with him ;
And public reafons fhall be rendered Of CafaPs death.
1 Pleb, I will hear Brutus fpeak,
2 Pleb, I will hear CaJJiuSy and compare their reafons, When feverally we hear them rendered.
[' Exit Caffius with fame of the Plebeians. ^ Brutus goes into the Pulpit*
* In R. and C- this is Scene 2 j in P. the pulpit, for he fays. Then follow me, H. W. and Sc. 5. and give me audience , friends \ he would
e The fcene firft defcribed by R. not have fald follow me if he had been ^ Here the fo’s and R, direft. Enter in the pulpit,
^utus, and goes into the pulpit j and Caf- g r;, duodecimo, try for me.
fius, with the Plebeians j C. Enter a h C. them for \m,
ibrmg of citizens, tumultuoujly j Brutus i jjo direftion in the fo’s. '
and Caffius j the reft. Enter Brutus, qnd k This latter part Is omitted here by
. mourtts the rofra. Caffius, with the Ple^ ,11 but Q. being improperly hiferted by keians. But Brutus has not yet mounted jjjgjjj before,
3 Pleb.
JULIUS C^SAR.
90
3 Pleb. The noble Brutus is alcenclcd : Silence.
Bru» Be patient till the lalu
Romans^ country-men, and * lovers, hear me for mj caufe; and be filent, that you may hear: believe me for mine honour ; and have refpeft to mine honour, that you may believe : cenfure me in your wifdom ; and awake your fenfes, that you may the better judge. If there be any in this affembly, any dear friend of CafaPs, to ^ him I fay, that " Brutus^ love to Cesfar was no lefs than his : [If then that friend demand, why Brutus rofe againft Cafar^ this is my. anfwer : Not that I lov’d Cafar lefs, but that I lov’d Ro?ne more. Had you rather Cafar were living, and dye all flaves ; than that Cafar were dead, to live all free-men ? As Ccefar lov’d me, I weep for him ; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it ; as he was valiant, I honour him : but, as he was ambitious, I flew him : There ° are tears for his love, joy for his fortune, honour for his valour, and death for his ambition. Who is here fo bafe that would he a bondman ? If any, fpeak ; for him have I offended. Who is here fo rude that would not be a Roman ? If any, Ipeak ; for him have I offended. Who is here fo vile, that will not love his country ? If any, fpeak ; for him have I offended, I paufe for a reply^
AIL None, Brutus^ none.
Bru, Then none have I offended. I have done no more to Cafar than you fhall do to Brutus* The queflion of his death is inroU’d in the capitol : his glory not extenuated,
1 P. and 11. friends for lovers. ^ P. and all after, except C. Brutus's
’’’ The three laft fo’s and R, them for for Brutus'. iiw. ' ® The fo’s, R, and C. is for are.
wherein
ACT III. SCENE III.
9»
wherein he was worthy; nor his offences enforc’d, for which he fuffer’d death.
Enter Mark. Antony with Caefar’s body.
Here comes his body, mourn’d by Mark Antony : who, though he had no hand in his death, fhall receive the benefit of his dying, a place in the . common- wealth ; as which of you fhall not ? With this I depart. That as I flew my beft lover for the good of Rome, I have the fame dag<- gcr for myfeif, when it fhall pleafe my country to need mj ^ death.
AIL P Live, BrutuSf live, live !
- I Bleb, Bring him with triumph home unto his hpufe. a Pleb, Give him a ftatue with his anceflors.
3 Pleb, Let him be Cesfar,
4 Pleh, CafaPs better parts ^ ^lall be crown’d in Brutus,
1 Pleb, We ’li bring him tp his houfe with fhouts and
clamours.
Bru, My countrymen, —
2 Pleb, Peace ! filence I Brutus fpeaks.
I Pleb, Peace, hp !
Bru, Good countryrncn, let me depart alone,
And for my fake, flay here with Antony : .
Do grace to CafaPs corps, and grace his Ipeech ^Tending to CesfaPs glories, which Mark Antony By our permilHon is allowM to make, ,
I do intreat you, not a man depart.
Save I alone, till Antony have fpoke, \;-Exit.
P J*. and ff. read, Brutus, s P. H. and C. read Shall now be Mnitting the other live. crenun'd, &g.
I PUb,
gz
JULIUS .C jE S A R. .
' I P/d. Stay, ho! and let us hear Antony.
3 Pleh. Let him go up into the public chair;
VVe 11 hear him ; Noble Antony^ go up.
Ant. Y ox Brutus' fake, I am • beholden to you.
4 Pieb. What does he fay of Brutus F
r Z'P/^b- He fays, for fake
He finds himfelf * beholding to us all.
4 Phb. Twere befi: " he fpeak no harm of Brutus here. I Pleb. This Cafar was a tyrant.
3 Pleb. Nay, that ’s certain :
We are bleft that Rome is rid of him.
Z Pleb* Peace ; let us hear what Antony can fay.
Ant. You gentle Piemans, —
All. Peace, ho ! let us hear him.
Ant. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears , I come to bury C^far, not to praife him.
The evil that men dp lives after them.
The good is oft interred with * their bones ;
So let it be with Cesfar. ^ The noble BruUis
^ Here begins the fixth icene in P. H. W. and J,
s The three firft fo’s and C. Bf balding lor beholden.
* So the thre^ hrfl: fo’s and Cj the reft, beholden for beholding. Thus we fee that all the editions put the fame word into Antony" i and the third Plebeian’s mouth j by which means, 1 faijcy, a piece of humour is loft : beholden is fpoken properly by Antony j but when Jt comes to be repeated by the Plebeian, it migrates into beholding (a ^ord at this j daj ufed by fome of the vulgar for be-
holder.). And perhaps the very reafon why Shakejptare makes the fourth "ple- beian alk the queftion, What does he fay cf Brutus ? was, that the third Plebeian, by repeating what Antony had faid, might make this blunder.
The three laft fo’s omit be.
The three laft fo’s, R. P. and H. glad for blejl. C. inferts mofi before blefi.
The fourth f. and R"s oftavo, the for their,
y P. and all after, except C. omit'
^be.
Hath
r
ACT. III. SCENE III. 9^
Hath told you C^far was ambitious :
If it were fo, it was a grievous fault;
And grievoully hath C^sfar anfwer’d it.
Here, under leave of Brutus^ and the reft,
(For Brutus is an honourable man,
So are they all, all honourable men)
Come I to fpeak in Cafar'^s funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and juft to me ; ■
But Brutus fays, he was ambitious ;
And Brutus is an honourable man.
He. hath brought many captives home to Rome^
Whofe ranfoms did the general coffers fill ;
Did this in Cafar feem ambitious ?
When that the poor have cry’d, Ccefar hath wept ;
Ambition fhould be made of fterner ftuff:
Yet Brutus fays, he was ambitious ;
And Brutus is an honourable man.
You all did fee that ^ on the Lupercal I thrice prefented him a kingly crown,
Which he did thrice refufe : Was this ambition ?
Yet Brutus fays, he was ambitious;
And fure he is an honourable man.
I fpeak not to difprove what Brutus fpoke,
But here I am to fpeak what I do know.
You all did love him once, not without caufe.
What caufe withholds you then to mourn for him ? —
O judgment, thou art fled to brutifh beafts.
And men have loft their reafon ! — Bear with me;
My heart is in the coffin there with Cafary And I muft paufe till it come back to me.
2 P. and H at for on.
I Pkb.
94
JULIUS SAR.
I Pleb. Methlnks there is much reafon in his fayings;
“ 2 Pleb. If thou'confider rightly of the matter,
Cafar has had great wrong.
3 Pleb, Has he, b mailers ?
I fear there will a worfe come in his plac^.
4 Pleb. Mark’d ye his words ? He would not take the
crown ;
Therefore ’tis certain he was not ambitious;
1 Pleb, If it be found fo, ibme will dear abide it;
2 Pleb. Poor foul ! his eyes are red as fire with weeping;
3 Pleb. There ’s not a nobler man in Rome than Antony^
4 Pleb^ Now mark him, he begins ^ again to Ipeak,
Ant, But yefierday the word of Ceefar might
Have flood againft the world ; now lyes he there^
And none fo poor to do him reverence.
0 mailers, if I were difpos’d to ilir Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage^
1 fliould do Brutus wrong, and Cajftus wrong^
M'ho, you all know^ are honourable men :
I will not do them wrong ; I rather choofe To wrong the dead, to wrong myfelf and you,.
Than I will wrong fuch honourable men*
But here ’s a parchment, with the feal of Cafar,
I found it in his clofet, ’tis his will ;
Let but the commons hear this teilament,
(Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read)
‘ The three laft fo’s, and all after c r.’r duodecimo omits ngaln,\ a6 •ccept C, make this fpcech a part of the error, I fuppofe, of the prefs, but which firft Plebeian’s foregoing fpeech. has crept into the editions of W, and
• C, inferts wy before mafitn. J,
And
F
ACT III. SCENE III. 9S
And they would go and klfs dead Cafar^s wounds.
And dip their napkins in his lacred blood ;
Yea, beg a hair of him for memory.
And dying, mention it w^ithin their wills.
Bequeathing it, as a rich legacy.
Unto their iffue.
4 Pleb, We ’ll hear the will ; read it, Mark Antony*
AIL The will, the will ; we will hear CafaAs will.
Ant, Have patience, gentle friends : I mull not read it;
It is not meet you know how Cafar lov’d you.
You are not wood, you are not ftones, but m«n; ,
And being men, hearing the will of Cafar^ / ^
It will - enflame you, it will make you mad; . .
’Tis good you know not that you are his heirs ;
For if you fhould — O what would come of it >
4 Pleb. Read the will ; ® we ’ll hear it, Antony ; you Ihall read us the will, CafaPs will. ^
Ant. Will you be patient > will you Hay a while ?
I have o’erfhot myfelf to tell you of it.
I fear, I wrong the honourable men,
Whofe daggers have ftabb’d C^sfar ; I do fear it.
4 Pleb, They were traitors — Honourable men?
All, The will ! the teftament I
a Pleb, They were villains, murderers ; — The will!: read the will I
Ant. You will compel me then to read the will ?
Then make a ring about the corps of Cafary And let me fhew you him that made the will.
d a reads Nay for Tea, as in no edi* « T. PT. and C, lue will for tion before, ■ • '
Shall
9^ JULIUS C^SAR.
Shall I delcend ? Arid will you give me leave ?
AIL Come down.
2 Pleh. Defcend.
i
3 Pleb» You iliar> have leave.
He comes down from the pulpit 4
4 Pleb, A ring — Stand round.
1 Pleb. Stand from the hearfe, ftand from the body*
2 Pleb, Room for Antony^ moft noble Antony,
Ant, Nay, prefs not fo upon me ; Hand far off.
AIL Stand back — room — bear back— ^
Ant, If you have tears, prepare to fhed them now*
You all do know this mantle : I remember The firft time ever Ceefar put it on,
’Twas on a fummer’s evening, in his tent,
That day he overcame the Nermi —
Look in this place ran s Cajftus' <^sggcr through —
See what a rent the envious Cafca made —
Through this the well-beloved Brutus frabb’d.
And as he pluck’d his curfed fteel away,
Mark how the blood of Cafar follow’d it^
As rufliing out of doors, to be refolv’d If Brutus fo unkindly knock’d, or no.
For Brutusy as you know, was CafaPs angel :
Judge, O you gods, how dearly C^/ar lov’d him !
^ This was the moft unkindeft cut of all :
For when the noble C^ydr faw him ftab.
Ingratitude, more ftrong than traitors’ arms.
f No dIre£lIon in fo’s. g The fourth f, and H, CaJfwCi for Cajpui,
P. alters thus, I'hhy this teas the unkindePy &c, followed by T. H, and
Quite
A'C T IIL
SCENE III.
97
Qnite vanquini’d him : then burft his mighty heart;
And in his mantle muffling up his face^
* Even at the bafe of Po?npefs flatue,
^Vhich all the while ran blood, great Ccsfar fell*
C what a fall was there, my countrymen ! '
Then I, .and you, and all of us fell down,
Whilfl bloody treafon flourifli’d over us.
O, now you weep, and I perceive, you feel The dint- of pity ; thefe are gracious drops.
Kind fouls! what, w-eep you, when you but beliold C^fciT 5 veflure wouhded ? Look you here.
Here is himfelf, marr’d, as you fee, ^ traitors.
1 PId, O piteous fpeftacle !
2 Plei?. O noble Ccefar !
3 Pleb. O woeful d*iy !
4 Pleb, O traitors, villains !
I Pleb. O mofl: bloody fight !
a Pkh. ^ We will be reveng’d: Revenge! About— feek bum ^fire — ivill — flay — ^Let not a traitor live !
Stayj countrymen.
1 P/d. Peace there, liear the noble
2 Pleb. We ’ll hear him, wc ’ll follow him, we ’ll dye
with hiiil.
^ 'Jnt. Good friends, fweet friends, let me not flir you up To fuch'a fudden flood of mutiny.
* 11. reads,
Tx;en pt tbt haje of Pompey’s Jlaitie nuhkh ths ubile rar. V/Ith klocd, g: tai C<iE- _
// 1 V (tranfpe/irij hne?) reads,
Jf^hlch all the while rati blood ^ great
Even at the baje of Pomppy’s Jiatue, E.T.H.JV, and J. iotWitb* i C. We'll for Wt %»iU^
Q
They
98
JULIUS C ^ S A R.
They that have done this deed arc honourable ;
What private gricfs'they have, alas, I know not,
That made them do it; they are wife and honourable^
And will, no doubt, with reafons anfwer you.
I come not, friends, to fteal away your hearts ; >
I am no orator, as Brutus is;
But, as you know me all, ‘a plam blunt man,
That love my friend ; and that they know full well.;
That " gave me public leave to fpcak of hin^
For I have neither wit, nor .words, nor worth,
Aftion, nor utterance, nor the j)owcr of fpecch,
I'o ftir men^s blood : 1 only fpeak right on.
1 tell you that, which you yourfelves do know”,
Shew you fweet Ca;far*s wounds, poor, poor, ° dumb faowth?_,
And bid them fpeak for me : But were I BrutuSy
And Brutus Antony^ there were an Antony
Would ruffle up your fpirits, and put a tongue
In every wound of Qxjary that fhould move
The Hones of Rome to rife and mutiny.
All. We fli mutiny.
I Pkb. We ’ll burn the houfe of Brutus*
5 Pleh^ Away then, come, feek the confpirators.
Ant* Yet hear me, countrymen, yet hear me fpeak j . AU* Peace, ho ! hear Antony^ moll noble Antony*,
W. reads reafon for rtafous. • The two firft fo’i and RJ's oSa7%
So the firft f. and C ; the reft, ^ive dair. for dumb, for guve.
ArsU
\
r
Act III. s c E N E ' in. 91
- - 4»
Ant. Why, friehds, you go to do you kno>v not what : Whereiii hath Cafar thus deferv’d your loves ?
Alas, you kndw not; I rhiifl tell you then:
You have forgot the will I told you ofi All, Mofi: triie^ — the Will ! — let’s flay and hear the will* Ant. H^rt is the wdll; ahd under Cafar's ieal. - '
To every Roman citizen He giveSj
To every feverhl nian; feverity five drachmas.
2 Pleb, Mofi: noble Cafar ! — We ’ll revenge his death*
3 Pleh, O royal Cccfar !
Ant. Hear me with patience;
All. Peace, ho !
Ant. Moreover, He hath left you all iiis walks.
His private arbours, and new-planted orchards,'
On P that fide 'Tiber ; he hath left them you;
And to your heirs for ever ; common pleafur^.
To walk ahiroad, and recreate .yourfelves:
Here was a C^r/ When comes luch another?
I Pleb'. Never; never — Come, away, atvay !
We ’ll burn his body in the holy place^
? 'All the editions before T. read ihU for that', fo C. T, gives the following note ; -
The fcene Is here in the Forum near the capitolf and in the moft frequented part of the cityj but Cafar's gardens were very remote from that quarter, Trans Tiberim /onge cuifit hf props Cs- farls hortos ;
fays Horace. And t both the Naumaebia ind gardens of C^far were feparated from the main city by the river j and
Gs
lay out wide, on a line with- mount Janiculum. Our author therefore cer- tainly wrote ;
On that f.de Tiber
And Plutarch, whom Sbakejpeare yery 1 diligently (iudied, in the life of Marcus > Brutus, fpeaking of Cesjar's will, ex- prelly fays, that he left to the public his gardens, and walks, beyond the 7»- ber. T.
S C. reads, Comc^ cemc. anutay : &c.
And
100
j':u LIUS C .L S A R.
And witli the brands fire all the traitors’ lioulcs.
Take up the body.
2 Pkb, Go, fetch fire,
3 Pleh, Pluck down * bcnclies.
4 Plcb. Pluck down forms, windows, any thing.
* Exeunt Plebeians with the body.
Ant, Now let it work : Mifchief, tliou art a-foot,
Take thou wliat courfe thou wilt.
Enter a Servant,
1 low now, fellow ?
Ser, ^ Sir, O^avius is already come to Rotne,
Ant. Where is he ?
Ser, He and Lepidus are at CceJaPs houfe.
Ant, x'\nd thither will I ftraight to vifit him He comes upon a wifli. Fortune is merry,
And in tliis mood will give us any thing.
‘ Ser, I heard ^ him fay, Brutus and CaJJius Arc rid like madmen throuGrh the orates of Rome.
O O
Ant, Belike, they had fome notice of the people.
How I had mov’d them. Bring me to Odiavius,
[ Exeunt.
t The firil f. orrt’ts aU, s C. inferts the before hejubts, t The hrft f. Exit iox Exiyrt.
^ The fo’s omit wh’o the body,
' The fo’s and C. omit o.
P. T. H Wjand jf. omit S;>.
y C. read s them for him. Hhn evidently refers to OSIavius, who, as he was com^ ing into Rome, had feen Brutus and Cap fiusy riding like madmen through the gates, and had related the fame in the prefence cflf the fer?ant.
SCENE
1
W 9 f V
ACT 111. SCENE IV,
lOl
« .
. ? S C E N E IV.
^ A Street.
Enter Cinna the Poet
, <
Cin, I dreamt to-night, that I did feafl with Ctrfar^ .1^ And things unlucky charge my fantafy :
I have no will to wander forth of doors, ‘ ?
Yet fomething leads me forth. ' \
^ Enter the Plebeians*
1 Pleb* What is your name ? _ , . ^
2 Pleb* ® Whither are you going?
3 Pleb, Where do you ^ dwells?
4 Pleb* Are you a married man, or a bachelor?
2 Plel* Anfvver every man direflly.
I Pleb* Ay, and briefly.
4 Pleb, Ay, and wifely, *
3 Pleb. Ay, and truly, you were befl. .
Cin* What is my name ? Whither am I going ? Wflierc do I dwell ? Am I a married man, or a bachelor ? Then to
^ In P. //. and this is fcene 7 j ^ No dlrefllon here in the editions in C. fcene 3. before C j the diredlion in them, for the
^ This defcrlptlon of the kene firft Plebeians' entrance, being placed as g^ren by C. above-mentioned.
^ Here all but C. add, and after him ^ Firft and 2d fo’s, Whether for WbU the Plebeians. then.
c All editions but W, and read f C. live for diuell. tcnJuckily fgr unludfy,
G 3 anfwer
i
102 JULIUS C MS AH.
anfwer every man direflly, and briefly, wifely, and truly, ' Wifely I fay, I am a bachelor.
2 P(eb. TJiat ’s as piuch as to fay, they are fools tha^
niarry : You ’li begf me a bang for that, I.fear ; Proceed — dire(^ly. - v.
Cif7, Direflly, I am gpji^ to funeral.
1 As a friend, or an ei^emy ?
Cin. As a friend.
2 Pieb. That matter, is anfv/erM diredtiy.
4 Pleb. for your dwelling — briefly.
CIn. Briefly, I dwell by^'the capitol.
g Pleb. Your nainc, fir’?— truly,
Cm, Truly, my liame is Cinna^
1 Pleb, Tear hiai tp pieces, he ’s a confpiratpr.
Cin. I am Cinna the poet, I am China the poet.
4 Pleb, Tear him for his ba^cl verfes, tear him for his bad verfes. ^
Cin, I a^ npx,Citina the confpiratpr,
4 Pleb, It is no matter, his name ’s Cinna/^ P^uck ^ but his name out of his heart, and turn him going.
^ Pleb, Tear him, tear him. Gome, brands, ho ! fire- brands ! ,to Bruius\ to Cajius\ Burn all ! fame to Decius*.
^ houfe, and^forne to Cafea's^ fqme to Liganui \ Away,
. , [^Exeunt.
? )’ *V.P^^** . ^ three laft fo’s, beups for
hi>u^, '
ACT
I
C *®3 }
AC ^ IV., . >
■ .. 8 e E N e' I, - .
^ Rome^
I
Enter Antony, 0£tavius, and Lepidus,
JnU H E S E many then fliall die ; their names arc
JL prickt,
, Your brother too muft die; coi^fent you^ Lepidus? •
Lep. 1, do con lent:
Qdl, Prick him down,^ Antony. ‘
* - i,
Lep.
No defcription of thp fccne in the fo’s or ^5 jR. jP'. and C. fix the fcene at Rome I H. at a fmall ifland in the little river Kbenus near Bononia j (followed by J.) at a fmall ifland near Mmtina, and fays,.** Shakefyeart, 1 dare fay, knew ** from PJutarchf that thefe TnHirrvirt ** met, upon the profcripCion, in a little *.* ifland ; which Appiariy who is morie. *>* particular, fays, lay near Mutina up- ** on the River Laviniui.'' T*
But what if Shaktjpeart knew all this ? If a poet obliged to foUow^hiflory eKa£t*
’ 9 4i
ly ? May he not fpmetlmes deviate from it, provided he makes -his own work confiftent with itfelf ? What though the old copies fay nothing of the place here? yet it is implied in a paflage, a very few lines from the very beginning of this fcene, that Sbakefpe^re meant to fix it at Rome : Antony fays.
But, Lepidus, go you to C^far s houfe j Fetch the will hither, and we fliall de- termine
How to cut off feme charge in legaciei^_ X.tp> What, lhall I find you here?
on
104 J U L I U S C ^ S A R,
Lep, Upon condition * Publius fhall not live.
Who is your hirer’s fon, Mark Antony.
Ant. He fliall not live; look, with a fpot I damn him. But, Lepidus, go you to C^/aPs houfe ;
Fetch the will hither, and we fliall determine How to cut off fome charge in legacies.
Z<sp. What, fliall I find you here ?
Or here, dr at the capitol. Lepidus,
Ant. 1 his , is a flight, unmeritable man.
Meet to be^fent on errands : 1 he three-fold world divided, One of the three to fliare it ?
OSl. Or here, or at the capitol.
What ! does Antony lend Lep id us on a jo'orney (not to f^y, voyage alfo) from an ifland near Mutina or Bonov'iay to fetch the will from Cafar's houfe in Romff and diredt him to come ag)in to him to this fame illand, and if he did not meet with him there, to return to the capitol at Rome? For this will be the import of th© above paflage, according to T. H. and y.. and Lepidus will appear to be a man vifiet to be fent on erreindsy with a witnelV, Eefides, fuppofing this ifland to be the feene, OAu-uius, Ihould rather have faid. Or here, or at Rome ; for the direflion, at the capitol, is too particular, and not agreeable to the common forms of fpeech on fuch an oc^afion j it is the fame as if, two friends being at Path, one Ihould - fay to the other, “ You will find me eijher here (at Paris') or in CkcapfideP
Is
lie fliould {land
C. makes it a Room in Antony’s vou/e at Rome.
^ Grey In his notes on Sbakefpeare c#nje£lures marry for many,
1 Antqny fet down Cicero's name in the lift of the profcribed : Qaa-vius in- fifted on Antony's facrificing Luc'tus, bis uncle by the nretber's fide : And Lefidus. gave up his own brother, L. j¥.rtiil\us Pciulus. As ’tis not uncommon to blun- der in proper namcs,v I make no doubt but in the room of Publius we ftiould place Lucius, Antony's uncle by his mo- ther’s fide ; and then a trifling correc- tion fets right the other line.
Lepidus. Uphn condition Lucius /hall net live._
You are bis fifter’s fon, Mark Antony.
Upton's Crit. Obf. cd. 2, p. 24.5.
The, throe iiKl fo’s, dam for damn.
»
r
A*C T IV. ‘ S C E N E I.
061, So you thought him ;
And took his voice, who fliould be prlckt to die In our black fentence and profeription.
Ant, 06Javius, I have feen more days than you And though we lay thefe honours on tliis man.
To eafe ourfelves of divers flanderous loads.
He fliall but bear tliem as the afs bears gold, - To groan and fweat under the buhnefs,
" Either led or driven, as we ° point the way ;
And having brought our treafure where we will. Then take we down his load, and turn him off^ Like to the empty afs, to fhake his ears.
And graze in p commons.
06f, You may do your will ;
But he ’s a try’d and valiant foldier.
Ant, So is my horfe, 06favius^ and for that,
I do appoint him ftore of provender ;
. It is a creature that I teach to fiirht.
To wind, to Hop, to run diredly on, •
His corporal motion govern’d by my Ipirit.
And in fome tafte, is Lepidus but fo ;
He muft be taught, and train’d, and bid go forth; A barren-fpirited fellow ; one that feeds On abje£l orts, and imitations.
Which, out of ufe, and " Hal’d by other men^ Begin-his fafhion. Do not talk of him.
n P, and all after, except C, Or for Either.
e The three laft fo's and R. print for feint.
P H. corrvmeef for cemmns, •
9 This is t.'s emendation (followed by all after) all before read objeSis, arts, for abjeSl orts,
r For flal'd the two firft fo^s read faVde j the 4th, pall'd.
But
io6
J U LIUS C ^ S A R.
But as a property. And now, Osiaylus^
Liften great things.^ and Cajfius
Are levying' powers : we muft.flraight snake head ;
Therefore let our alliance be combinM.
Our beft” friends made, ® and dur befl means flretch’d *out| And let us prefently go fit in council.
How covert matters may be befl difclos’d,
And open perils furell anf>vered,
0£i. Let us do fo ; for we are at the flake.
And bay’d about with many enemies ;
And fome that fmile, have in their hearts,^ I fear,
^Iillions of mifehiefs, ' ^ \^Exeunt^
C. E N E IL
r
\ In the Camp near Sardis before Brutus’s.
\Drum. Enter and. Soldiers \ <5 t^^/jz^Lucilius, ani his^SoIdl^s marchin^^ Titinius. and Pindar us. .
Bru. Stand, hoi
LnciL Give the word, hoi and fland,
’ Bru, Whatmow, LucJIjus is Cajftus near- ?,
* . Eucili'
s The fijra f. y. and C. omit anJ, & C* oipits drum. The fo’s direft,
9ui. Drum. Enter Brutus, Lucilius, and tbt
* No .dt^fc^Ipnon of thc^ feene in the Army. Titinius and Pindarus meet them, fo's. ' ' So all after (except C.)., bating that they ■
read.
t
ACT IV. SCENE Ilj-
LuclL He is at hand, and Plndarus is come To do you falutation from his mailer
Bru. He greets me well. Your mailer, Plndarus^ In his own * change,^ or by ill y officers.
Hath given me Ibme worthy caufe to wifli
Things done, undone* but i I lliall be fatisfied.
read foldiert for the army^ and meeting for meet.
In C. Lucilius, Titinlus and Vlndarus do not enter until Brutus has faid Stands bo ! and a diredion is given that thefe words Ihould be fpoken to his (Brutus's ) c£icers, entering. Then Ludlius (enter- ing with his foldlers, and PJndarus and TttlniusJ fays to his party, Give the •word, ho, and Jiand, By thus ordering the feene, C. feems to underftaijd that Brutus and Lucilim, with their feveral ^dies of foldiers, being upor^ their pnarch meet j and then each of thena gives the v^prd .of command to ftand, or halt, to their feparatc parties. Now this would have been proper enough had not Brutus erefted his tent. But the feene is before Brutus's tent, and he mnft have arrived, before he could have erefted it. There- fore he and his foldiers have done march- ing, have ere^ied the tent, and are ex- pecting the other companies at the place appointed. Here the feene opens j Lu- cilius, being upon the march, and having arrived where Brutus is, Brutus (as ge- pralifiimo of the forces) bids him Jiand ^
he be at hand,
LiicUius conveys thefe orders to Us offi- cers, and bids them give the word command to the foldiers. By thus un- derftanding the feene, it appears cpn-. fiitent with itfelf; the dignity of Brutut is kept up, and. the' fubordi nation,' of general tp generaliffimp, officers to their general, and common foldiers to their officers, i$ painted in a very few, fim- ple, but expreflive words.
w Here C. direfts [pejenting Pindarns, •who gives a letter. But it is very llrange that Cojfsus ffiould fend a letter when he was at hand, and juft at the heels pf the meftenger. C.’x .reafon for giving this direftion is, I fuppofe, becaufe fLn-"' cUius having prefented Pindarus to Bru” tus, as bringing a falutation from Cajfws) Bindarus makes no falutation by word pf .mouth to Brutus, and therefore thefalCh- tation muft be contained in a letter. But I ffiould rather think that Shake^ f^eare wrote a Ihort fpeech for Pindarut, in this place, fuch as, Caffius/wij healthy to Brutus, which is loft.
* H. IV. and C. charge for change ^
7 J. propofes tj^ces for ojieers*
Pbti
ro8 ' ) U L I U s' c’iESAIl.
Phu I do not. doubt But that my noble mafter will appear Such as he is, full of regard and honour, '
Bru. He is not doubted. — ^ A word, Lucillus’^
How he receiv'd you, let me be refolv’d,
Luc'iL With comtefy, and with refped enough;
But not with fuch familiar inftances,
Nor with fuch free and friendly conference.
As he hath us’d of old.
Bru» Thou haft deferib’d A hot friend cooling : Ever note, Lucilius^
When love begins to fteken and decay.
It ufeth an enforced ceremony.
There are no tricks in plain and fimple ftiith :
But hollow men, like liorfes hot at hand,
Make gallant fliew and promife of their mettle ;
' But when they fliould endure the bloody fpur.
They fall their ^ crefts, and like deceitful jades.
Sink in the trial. Comes his army on t
LuciL They mean this night in Sardis to be quarter’d; The greater part, the horfe in general.
Are come with Caffius. [» March within.
Bru, Hark, he is arriv’d :
March gently on to meet him.
* H. reads, Heary a ^$rd, Lucillus— b All bu^ C. dlredt [Low March wlth-
j and the fo’s and R. place this direc- So the ill f. and the reA, tion in Brutm's laft fpeech after the
for c-rejh, prd meitk.
Enter
ACT IV. SCENE II
109
Enter Caffiiis and Soldiers^
Caf, Stand, ho ! ,
Bru, Stand, ® ho ! Speak the word along.
Within, Stand !
Stand I '
Within, Stand !
Caf, Moll noble brother, you have done me wrong. Bru, Judge me, you gods ! wrong I mine enemies ? And if not fo, how Jfhould I wrong a brother ?
Caf, BrutnSy this fober form of yours hides wrongs ; And when you do them —
Bru, Cafflusy be content,
Speak your griefs foftly, I do know you well : ^
Before the eyes of both our armies here,
Which fhould perceive nothing but love from us,
Let us not wrangle : Bid them move away ;
Then in my tent, CaffiuSy enlarge your griefs^ ^ .
And I will give you audience.
Caf, PindaruSy ~ ♦
Bid our commanders lead their charges off _
® C. omitfi bo / and dircfls this fpeech to be fpoken to bis, that is to Brutus's foldier? 5 but he muft be certainly wTQtig here j for Brutus's foldiers cannot be ia this place fappoled marching, but Hand* ing j and therefore the word of com- mand, JlttrJ, is to them unnecelTary and abfurd. , ; ^ ,
■ ‘
A little from this ground.
c In all editions but C. this entrance is directed immediately after LuciUus's laft fpeech.
d Here C. directs [to bh officers, en- tering. Which is right enough, but not very neceflary, as the reader cannot well miftake to whom the words are fpoksn.
*iJo
!r u L I u s- c ::e s a l
4*
Bru. Lucilius, ^ do you the like ; and let no man s Oome to our terit, till we have ** done our conference.
Let Lucius and TTitinius guard * our door.
\_Exeuni:
SCENE III.
^ Within the TinU
‘ Enter Brutus and Caffius.
Caf, That you have wrong’d me, doth appear in thls^ You have condemn’d and noted Lucius Pella,
For taking bribes here of the Sardians ;
Wherein, my letter, praying on his fide,
Becaufe I knew the man, was flighted off.
Bru. You wrong’d yourfelf to write in'fuch a cafe; Caf. In fuch a time as this, it is not meet That every nice offence fhould bear ° his comment.
Brui ° Let me tell you, CaJJius, you yourfelf.
f 'P. and after, exetpt C. omit
io,
E After viaHj C. adds Luciiiusi ^ The fecond f. dooe for dene.
5 'ft.' P. T. k.'znd fF. (he for our.
In 'tfceTo’s, ft.'and ?. the ftene ♦desiiot change, but the direftion, Ma- rent Brutus and Caflius, is given ; "Cvhich is contrary to what we read in the fore- going feene, ^b:n in mj tentf Sc€<
1 In r. H. W. and J. it U Ri-erte^^ Which is improper where the fceiie changes j to re-enter /ighifics to come again into the fame place, which they do not,- but go' from the outfide to the inlide of the tent.
™ So the fo’s, ft.’x ohiy6,'T. and the reft, of for of,
" P. and all after but C. Jts for hU.
® Before let P. T. H, and iftfert Te: J C, ^nd.
Are
A C t IV. ' SCENE Hi.
in
Are much condemn’d to 'have an itching, palm,
To fell and mart your offices "for gold ! ’
To undefervcrs.
Caf, P I an itching palm ? ^ .
You know that you are Brutus that ^ fp^k tffis,
Or, by the gods, this fpeech were ,elfe your lafl. ^
Bru. The name of Cajftus honours this corruption, ; { And chaftifement doth therefore hide ' his head.
Caf. Chaftifement?
Bru, Remember March ^ the -ides of March remember 3 Did not great Julius bleed for juilice’ fake ? , '
What villain touch’d his body, that did ftab.
And not for juftice ? What, lhall one of us, . j
That ftruck the foremoft man of all this world,
' But for fupporting robbers; fhall we now , *
Contaminate our fingers with bafe bribes ? •
And fell the mighty fpace of our large hortoure For fo much trafh, as may be grafped thus ?
I had rather be a dog, and ^ bay the moon.
Than fuch a Roman,'
Caf, Brutus^ * bay not me,
I ’ll not endure it : you forget yourfelf
P o£lavo, Ay for /.
<1 The fo’s and R, /peaks for /peak.
■y r P, r. H. W. and J, read its for bh. This is worfe than modfernizing, it is turning poetry into profe j for chaftife- ment, having a head^ muft certainly be here perfonllied j and therefore even
among the moderns, Is motV proper than its. . :
s The three laft fo’s and R, bidt for bay, '> I
« The fo>, R, P. H. bait fot.
hay4 ‘
T«
a
ii:: JULIUS C ^ S A R.
To hedge me in ; I am a foidier, “ I,
Older in praaice, abler than j^ourfelf To make conditions.
Bru, Go to ; you are not, Cajfvus, '
Caf. I am.
Bru. I fay, you are not. •
Caf. Lrge me no more, I (ball forget mvfelf;
' Have mind upon your health, tempt me no farther.
Bru. Away, flight man I CaJ. Is ’t poffible ?
Bru. Hear me, for I will fpeak.
Mail I give way and room to your rath cholcr ?
Shall I be frighted, when a madman flares ?
Caf. O * ye gods, ye gods ! mull I endure all this ?
Bru. All this ? Ay, more ; F ret till your proud heart break ; Go, fbew your flaves how cholerick you are.
And make your bondmen tremble. Mufl I ^ buefc^e ?
Mail I obferve you ? Mufl I (land and crouch Under your tefly humour ? By the gods.
^ Qo. Whether we fhould not read ^ for If The old edition* make no difference in thefe two words, always, as far as I remember, reading / for ^ ; it is therefore the fenfe only which njuft direft us to the word the author meant ia any palTagt} and in this, to me it feems doabtfuL
- » The fo’s and aJl after, except^, put no comma between r.ot and CaJ/ius, ma- king it the Dominadve cafe after t!:e Terb, which method of pointing JV. de- fends, and eypl^s is paiTage thus, Tix
c r
are ro hrger that bra-ji, pl]^
hjzphic CaHius, ‘luboje charaSer %vas modi Z'6 of bcr.our and patrhtifm ; hut are Junk dc^n to the impotmey a^J corruption cf tht t:nus, B-t, if this be the meaning, Cajpus do« not underhand it, for he re- plies I art 'j 1. e. I an: Caffius j if he had underilood it, and meant to deny { B''ktu;'s charge, he ffiould have faid, / am Kobat I %vat, or fomething like it.
^ P. and all after, except C, omit ye, y The f. hovgc'j tae zi and 3^^
*13
ACT IV; SCENE HE
V ou fhall digeft the venom of your fpleen,
* Though it do fplit you : for, from this day fortli^
I ’ll ufe you for my mirth, yea, for my laughter.
When you arc wafpiili.
Caf Is it come to this ?
Bru. You fay, you are a better foldier :
Let it appear fo ; make your vaunting true.
And It fhall pleafc me well : For mine own part,
I fliall be glad to learn of noble men.
Caf, You wrong me, every way you wrong me, Brutus i I faid, an elder foldier, not a better :
T)id I fay, better ?
Bru, If you did, I care not.
Caf. When Cafar liv’d, he durfl not thus have movM me. Bru. Peace, peace ; you durfl not fo have tempted him. Caf. I durfl not ?
Bru» No.
Caf What, durfl not tempt him ?
Bru. For your life you durfl not.
Caf. Do not prefume too much upon my love,
I may do that I fliall be fbrry for.
Bru. You have done that you fhould be forry for.
There is no terror, Cajfmsy in your threats ;
For I am arm’d fo flrong in honefly.
That they pafs by me, as the idle wind,
Which I refpefl not. I did fend to you
For certain fums of gold, which you deny’d me;
For I can raife no money by vile means :
By heaven, I had rather coin my heart.
And drop my blood for drachmas, than to wring
» R. and all after, except C. ^bo' for i:hough.
^ From
J„U LIUS C^SAR.
.114
From the hard hands of peafants their vile trafli.
By any * indirection. I did fend^
To you for gold to pay my legions.
Which you deny’d me : was that done like Cajfius ?
Should I have anfwer’d Caius Cajfius fo ?
When Marcus Brutus grows fo covetous,
To lock fuch rafeal counters from his friends.
Be ready, gods, with all your thunder-bolts,
Dafli him to pieces !
C^af. I deny’d you not.
Bru. You did.
Caf I did not : he was but a fool.
That brought my anfwer back. Brutus hath riv’d my ^ heart, A. friend fliould bear his friend’s infirmities.
But Brutus makes mine greater than they are.
Bru, I do not. ^ Still you praCtife them on me.
Caf, You love me not.
Bru, I do not like your faults.
Caf, A friendly eye could never fee fuch faults.
Bru, A flatterer’s would not, though they do appear As huge as high Olympus,
^ P, reads Indireclnefs for indirection. k The I ft and 2d fo’s, hart for heart,
' c R. and all after, except C. a for bh. d All but K, and W, read till for fiill,
H, reads, ’will you praElife that on me ?
W. reads as in the text, and gives the following note.
Bru. I do notf till you praBlJe them on we. But was this talking like Brutus f Cejfius complained that his friend made hia infirmities greater than they were,
Caf,
To which Brutus replies, not till thofe infirmities were injurioufiy turned upon, me. But was this any excufe for aggra- vating his friend’s failings ? Shakefpeare knew better what was fit for his hero to fay, and certainly wrote and pointed th« line thus,
I do not. Still you praftife them pn me. .
i. e. I deny your charge, and this is 8 frefh injury done me.
ACT IV. ■ SCENE III.
Caf, Come, Antony^ and young 05iavius^ come. Revenge yonrfeivcs alone on Cajfttis^
For Cajftus is a-weary of the world;
Hated by one he loves, brav’d by his brotlier.
Check’d like a bondman, all his faults obferv’d.
Set in a note-book, learn’d, and conn’d by rote,
To caft into my teeth. O I could weep '
My fpirit from mine eyes. There is my dagger.
And here my naked breaft ; within, a heart Dearer than " Plutus* mine, richer than gold :
^ If that thou beeft a Roman^ take it forth ;
I, that deny’d thee gold, will give my heart :
Strike as thou didft at Ca:far', for I know.
When thou didft hate him worft, thou lov’dh; him better Than ever thou lov’dfl: Cajfms.
Bru, Sheath your dagger :
Be angry when you will, it fliall have fcope ;
Do what you will, difhonour fhall be humour,
O Cajftusy you are yoked wdth a s lamb.
That carries anger, as the flint bears fire.
Who, much enforced, fbews a hafty fpark.
And firaight is cold again.
Caf, Hath CaJJius liv^d To be but rriirth and laughter to his Brufuf^
When grief, and blood ill-temper’d, vexeth him ?
Bru» When I fpoke that, I was ill-temper’d too.
Caf Do you confers fo much ? Give me your hand.
* The fo’s and R. read Pluto's forplu- Roman's, See.
* * S P. reads man for lam!>-.
* /T. reads; If that thou need’ll: «
H 2
JULIUS CiESAR.
Ji6
Bru, And my heart too. [*» Embracing
Caf, O Brutus —
Bru. What ’s the matter ?
Caf. Have * not you love enough to bear with me,
When that rafli humour which my mother gave me Makes me forgetful ?
Bru. Yes, Cajfms\ and ^ from henceforth.
When you arc over-earneft with your Brutus^
He ’ll think your mother chides, and leave you (6.
[* noife within.
® Poet. [" within"] Let me go in, to fee the generals ; There is feme grudge between ’em, ’tis not meet They be alone.
Luc. [® at tJ)c dsor] You fhall not come to them.
Poet. [P within] Nothing but death fhall flay me.
Enter Poet.
Caf How now ? What ’s the matter ?
Pact. For fliame, you generals; what do you mean^ .I.ove, and be friends, as two fuch men fliould be :
For I have leen more years, I ’ra fure, tlian ye.
Caf. Ha, ha ! How vilely *■ doth this cynick rhime !
^ Thijr direction not in the fa’s or t\
» P.'s duodecimo, T. H". J. and C, yen not for not yeu,
* C. omits from.
* This diredtion firft put in by T.— . The fo’s make the poet to enter here j fo does Jt. who adds Lucius and Titi- nius.
P, and H. in their text omit all from this place to the entrance of
Lucilius and Titinlui \ but preferve it in the margin,
a T. firft puts [‘tai/iin.]
° [at tbt dosr] put by C.— T. fP", and f. [witiin.] The other editions hare no direction.
P [‘w/thin] firft put in by T.
S The ift and zd f. ; 3d,
vildly.
t C. does for datb.
BrUi
ACT IV. SCENE III.
Bru. Get you hence, firrah ; fancy fellovsr, hence.
Ca/, Bear with him, Bru/us ; ’tis his fafhion.
Bru. I ’ll know his humour, when he knows his time : What fliould the wars do with thefe * jingling fools ? — Companion, hence.
Ca/. Away, away, be gone. Poet.
* Enter Lucilius, and Tidnius.
Bru. Lucilius and Titinius^ bid the commanders Prepare to lodge tlieir companies to-night,
Caf. And come yourfelves, and bring Mejfala with you . Immediately to us. [“ Exeunt Lucilius and Tidnius.
Br'u. Lucius y a bowl of wine. Exit Lucius.
Caf, I did not think, you could have been lo angry.
Bru, O Cajfiusy I am lick of many griefs,
Gaf, Of your philofophy you make no ufe.
If you give place to accidental evils.
Bru, No man bears forrow better — * Portia is dead.
Caf, Ha ! Portia ?
Bru, She is dead.
Caf, How ’fcap’d I killing, when I croft you fo ?
O inlupportable and touching lofs !— <- LTpon what licknefs ?
Bru, Impatient of my abfence ;
And grief, that young 0£lavius with Mark Antony Have made themfelves fo ftrong : For with her death
5 The fo's and K, jigging for jing^ * « This dircaion not in the fo’s,'
^ This dire£tion firft given by C,
t The entrance of Lucilius zniTitu ^ x p. and all after except C. Portia’/ '.ms, not mentioned in the fo’s, dead for Portia is dead,
H3
Thar
ii8 JULIUS CiESAR.
That tidings came ; with this fhe fell diftraa.
And, her attendants abfent, fwallow’d fire.
Caf, And cly’d fo ?
Bru, Even fo.
Caf, O ye immortal gods !
Enter ^ Lucius with TVtne and Tapers.
Bru. Speak no more of her. — Give me a bowl of wine. In this I bury all unkindnefs, CaJ/ius. ' [drinks,
Caf. My heart is thirfty for that noble pledge.
Fill, Lucius^ till the wine o’er-fwell the cup;
I cannot drink too much of Brutus' love, drinks^
“ Enter Titinius, and Mcffala.
Bru. Come in, Titinius ; welcome, good Mejfala,
Now fit we clofe about this taper here.
And call in queflion our neceffities.
Cof, ^ Portia ! art thou gone ?
Bru. No more, I pray you. —
Mejfala^ I have here received letters.
That young O^avius, and Mark Antony,
Come down upon us with a mighty power,
Bending their' expedition/ toward Philippi.
Mef. Myfelf have letters of the felf-fame « tenour,
Bru. With what addition ?
y AH but if, and C. Boy for L crus. j
2 This direction firft given by C.
^ In T. IV , and y. Titin;us and Mef- Jcila do not enter tiJl after the hril line cf Brutus's following fpeech. Here be- jins the fifth fcen.e in F. K. W, and j.
^ P. and all after except C. read, OJL Portia ! &c.
c P.'s duodecimo omits f,ere,
C. towards for t o’Ward,
'The fo’s, jK. and P, tenure for ie^
Mef.
nour, •
ACT IV.
SCENE III.
119'*
Mef. That, by profcription, and bills of ^ outlawry, OSlaviuSy Antony y and LeplduSy Have put to death * an hundred fenators.
Bru* Therein our letters do not well a^rcc :
O » ^
Mine fpeak of feventy fenators, that dy’d By thdr profcriptions, Cicero being one,
Caf, Cicero one ?
Mef, ^ Cicero is dead.
And ^ by that order of profcription.
flad you your letters from your wife, my lord ?
Bru, No, Mejfala,
Mef» Nor nothing in your letters writ of her ?
Bril, Nothing, Mejfala,
Mef, That, methinks, is ftrange,
Bru, Why alk you } Hear you ought of her in yours > Jl^fef, No, my lord,
Bru, Now, as you are a Romany tell me true,
Mef, Then like a Roman bear the truth I tell ;
For certain fhe is dead, and by ifrange manner,
Bru, Why, farewel, Portia, — We mulf die, Mejfala, With riieditating that flie muft die once,
J have the patience to endure it now.
Mef, Even fo great men great Ioffes fliould endure,
Caf, I have as much of this in art as you,
But yet my nature could not bear it fo,
Bru, Well, to our work alive. Vvhat do you thinks Of marching to Philippi prefently ?
Caf, I do not think it good,
Bru, Yourreafon?
f The ift f, outhrle j the id and 3d, tntlary fer out!a’wry\
S C. fiiQXAn,
^ C. inferts ^ before Cicero, ^ C. that by for by that.
n 4
Caf.
ISO ' J u L I U S C ^ S A R.
Caf, This it Is :
’Tis better that the enemy feek us •
So fhall he wafte his means, weary his foldicrs.
Doing himfelf offence; whilft we, lying ftill.
Are full of reft, defence, and nimblenefs. f
Bru, Good reafons muft of force give place to better. The people, Philippi and this ground,
Do ftand but in a forc’d affeftion ;
For they have grudg’d us contribution :
'l he enemy, inarching along by them.
By them fliall make a fuller number up,
Come on refrefh’d, new-added, and encourag’d ;
From which advantage ffall we cut him off.
If at Philippi we do face him there,
Thefe people at our back.
Caf, Hear m‘=*, good brother —
Bru. Under your pardon — You muft note befidcj That we have try’d the utmoft of our friends.
Our legions are brim-full, our caufe is ripe ; . .
The enemy increafeth every day,
^Fe, at the heiglit, are ready to decline.
There is a tide in the affairs of men,
M hich, taken at th^ flood, leads on to fortune; Omitted, all the voyage of their life Is bound in fliallows, and in mileries.
On Inch a full fea are we now afloat ;
And we muft take the current when it ferves^
Or ^ lofe our ventures.
The fo’s, Ivije